Untersuchungen über die Bedeutung der Nektarien in den Blumen.

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Untersuchungen über die Bedeutung der Nektarien in den Blumen.

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Edition of Charles Darwin's Reading Notes
by Di Gregorio & Gill
(Darwin Manuscripts Project: darwin.amnh.org)

Annotation Not Available

bottom-margin annotation Krunitz

subjects

line 3 underline "Arum maculatum"
lines 3—7 annotation Arum must have Honey
from annotation p.17    Cyperaceae & Gramineae «Junceae» no nectar
     Arum none. (false)— p 34 Rumex, Atriplex none «Rheum has»
     36 Plantago none

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line 11 annotation none
from annotation p.17    Cyperaceae & Gramineae «Junceae» no nectar
     Arum none. (false)— p 34 Rumex, Atriplex none «Rheum has»
     36 Plantago none

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⇑lines 15—10 annotation none Poa aquatica must have — one Moth freqnt
from annotation p.17    Cyperaceae & Gramineae «Junceae» no nectar
     Arum none. (false)— p 34 Rumex, Atriplex none «Rheum has»
     36 Plantago none

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line 4 annotation none

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lines 15—16 score
line 15 underline "beiden untern"

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⇑lines 14—12 score
from annotation 25 . Calyx of certain Iris secrete Nectar

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lines 5—9 score
lines 4—10 annotation No Honey
Look at night —
⇑lines 7—4 score
⇑line 6 underline "Bracteen"
from annotation 28∗ Bractae of certain orchids secrete hony

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lines 2—5 score
lines 2—11 annotation lip of Butterfly orchis before flower opens
from annotation 29. Lip of Butterfly orchis secretes before flower opens ||^t01 throws light on secretions in Listera &c

t01 - `||' in reddish-orange crayon

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line 18 score
from annotation 29 Cypripedium no nectar !

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lines 8—20 score
line 8 annotation X
line 14 annotation X
line 16 annotation X
line 18 annotation X
line 20 annotation X
lines 2—20 annotation Proteaceae with nctar on one side

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⇑lines 15—14 annotation X
⇑lines 12—11 annotation X
from annotation p.17    Cyperaceae & Gramineae «Junceae» no nectar
     Arum none. (false)— p 34 Rumex, Atriplex none «Rheum has»
     36 Plantago none

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⇑lines 20—19 annotation X
from annotation p.17    Cyperaceae & Gramineae «Junceae» no nectar
     Arum none. (false)— p 34 Rumex, Atriplex none «Rheum has»
     36 Plantago none

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⇑lines 17—13 score

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lines 1—10 annotation Bees w^d. go where th nectar accumulates. — ie in nectar holder

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⇑lines 9—8 score

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lines 5—15 annotation Veronicas, though so small secrete Honey
from annotation 39 Small flower with nectar Veronicas (44 Myosotis)
54 Galium 2 spe. & Asperula / 64 Epilobium hirsutum & Montanum / 79 Stellaria & Sagina procumbens / 83 Draba verna /

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lines 5—10 score
lines 5—14 annotation X    Yet cross so readily! Naturally moveable by pollen-searchers
from annotation 40    Verbascum none (yet cross naturally)
     ― Solanum tuberosum & several none

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⇑lines 10—7 score
⇑lines 11—10 annotation none
from annotation 40 Verbascum none (yet cross naturally)
― Solanum tuberosum & several none

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lines 15—19 score
lines 16—17 annotation none
from annotation 42 Syringa vulgaris none ⸮ whether in own country ?

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⇑line 4 score
⇑lines 7—2 annotation small flower
from annotation 39 Small flower with nectar Veronicas (44 Myosotis)
54 Galium 2 spe. & Asperula / 64 Epilobium hirsutum & Montanum / 79 Stellaria & Sagina procumbens / 83 Draba verna /

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⇑line 8 underline "auch ... Honigabsonderung"

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line 17 score

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⇑lines 18—14 score
⇑line 17 underline "welche ... Siete"
⇑line 16 underline "Saftmal"
⇑lines 17—16 annotation receptacle

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⇑lines 10—9 score

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lines 1—2 score
top-margin annotation shows secretion of pollen relates to opening of flower

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lines 3—8 score

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lines 15—19 score
line 15 underline "verum"
line 16 underline "uliginosum"
from annotation 39 Small flower with nectar Veronicas (44 Myosotis)
54 Galium 2 spe. & Asperula / 64 Epilobium hirsutum & Montanum / 79 Stellaria & Sagina procumbens / 83 Draba verna /

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⇑lines 3—1 score

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lines 1—5 score
line 4 underline "untere ... Hälfte"
line 16 underline "der ... umgibt"
line 19 underline "ihn ... umfasst"

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lines 4—7 score
from annotation 39 Small flower with nectar Veronicas (44 Myosotis)
54 Galium 2 spe. & Asperula / 64 Epilobium hirsutum & Montanum / 79 Stellaria & Sagina procumbens / 83 Draba verna /

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lines 18—20 score

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lines 11—13 score

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lines 5—6 score
line 6 underline "Saftabsonderung ... dem"

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⇑lines 15—11 score
⇑lines 14—13 annotation lateral

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⇑lines 4—1 score

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lines 1—2 score
line 1 underline "ist einseitig"

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lines 9—11 score
line 9 underline "Cerastium"
line 9 underline "Spergula"
lines 14—16 score
lines 17—19 score
from annotation 39 Small flower with nectar Veronicas (44 Myosotis)
54 Galium 2 spe. & Asperula / 64 Epilobium hirsutum & Montanum / 79 Stellaria & Sagina procumbens / 83 Draba verna /

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⇑lines 11—9 score
⇑line 10 underline "keine Honig"
⇑lines 10—9 annotation Bees frqn [ie `frequent'?]
from annotation in reddish-orange crayon — 79 Polygala ‹non› vulgaris none ; yet I have seen Hive-Bees smellng «shows how rarely secretion happens»
«80 Viola same facts»

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⇑lines 10—1 score
⇑line 2 underline "einigemal ... wurzelständigen"
from annotation 80    The fruitful flowers of Viola have no corolla or nectary — (probaly self-fertilisers)
from annotation in reddish-orange crayon — 79    Polygala ‹non› vulgaris none ; yet I have seen Hive-Bees smellng «shows how rarely secretion happens»
     «80 Viola same facts»

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⇑lines 6—5 score
from annotation 39 Small flower with nectar Veronicas (44 Myosotis)
54 Galium 2 spe. & Asperula / 64 Epilobium hirsutum & Montanum / 79 Stellaria & Sagina procumbens / 83 Draba verna /

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⇑lines 14—12 score
⇑lines 14—13 annotation !
⇑line 13 underline "nach ... Befruchtung
⇑line 12 underline "bei ... sich"
⇑line 10 underline "die ... hatte"
⇑line 8 underline "Abfallen ... Blumenkrone"
from annotation 85 In Cruciferae generally fertilisation in unopened flowers. — & Hony after fertilisation — some error —

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lines 14—17 score
lines 14—17 annotation Yet cross naturally
from annotation 86 Papaveraceae «(they have the guiding mark of C.C. Sprengel» no nectar

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⇑lines 15—12 score
⇑line 12 underline "Weder ... Honigerguss"

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lines 9—10 score
lines 20—22 score
⇑lines 4—1 score
from annotation 95. Amentaceae ‹mostly› «(except Salix knwn t be visited by Bees.)» no nectar. or Coniferae—
Good «as showing use of nectar» in several cases as Gramineae Cyperaceae. & Coniferae where we see structure & pollen showng that wind is Agent No nectar

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lines 3—5 score

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line 13 score
⇑line 13 score

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top-margin annotation Poppies have mark at base of petals to guide Bees

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lines 6—8 annotation Eliz has plants

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line 9 underline "Papavereen"
line 11 underline "Helianthemum"
line 13 underline "Thalictrum, Anemone"
line 21 underline "Verbascum"
lines 13—21 annotation Anemone remarkable exception
Cover up Anemone
from annotation 99 List of plants without nectar

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lines 3—5 score

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⇑lines 14—8 score
⇑lines 14—8 annotation good for [?]locking to Pistils

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line 9 underline "höchst selten"
lines 9—20 annotation Nectar very rarely secreted before pollen shed but sometimes lasts after fertilisation.
from annotation 102 Nectar rarely secreted before pollen shed but lost afterwards

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line 22 underline "gleich häufig"
lines 21—24 annotation / Present in dioicous plants

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⇑line 18 underline "Störung"
⇑line 18 annotation disturbance
⇑line 16 underline "erzeugen"
⇑line 16 annotation produce

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⇑lines 14—10 score
⇑lines 14—8 annotation nectaries become regular in double flowers

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lines 12—16 score
lines 15—16 underline "Orchis ... maculata"
line 17 underline "sehr ... absondern"
lines 11—25 annotation Nectar receptacles present , where no hony !! ? These, I suspect, are cases of secretion at odd times.

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lines 21—25 score
line 26 annotation doubts whethr thy serve as guides to insects.

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⇑lines 12—6 score
⇑line 6 underline in dark brown ink "heisser"
lines 3—⇑9 annotation Secretion of sugar by other parts of Plants
from annotation 115 Cases of nectar secreted outside of flower (does not know of my cases)

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[continues overleaf] 7—10 score
lines 14—17 score
lines 20—22 score

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[continuation] 1—5 score in pale pencil
lines 5—13 score in pale pencil

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⇑lines 15—9 score in pale pencil
⇑line 12 underline in pale pencil "Viehwaiden"
⇑line 12 annotation ⸮^t01
⇑line 10 underline "Heu"
⇑line 10 annotation Hay ‹⸮›

t01 - `⸮' in pale pencil

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lines 2—6 score
lines 3—4 annotation (a)
top-margin annotation (a) First who saw use of nectar to temt insects

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lines 5—7 score
lines 2—6 annotation O. conopsea bore no fruit
from annotation 124 Cases of Orchids. which set no seed when spurs cut off.— but opposite cases given in note

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lines 9—11 score
line 9 underline "15"
line 10 underline "nur 5 Früchte"
⇑lines 6—1 score
⇑lines 11—5 annotation → contrary result
from annotation 124 Cases of Orchids. which set no seed when spurs cut off.— but opposite cases given in note

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top-margin annotation Nectarys cut off
lines 11—12 score
lines 11—12 underline "alle ... Saamen"
lines 11—12 annotation It is clear Bees do not perceive when nectary cut off.—
from annotation 126. Viola tricolor bore seed when spur cut off probaly bees do not see & are guided by flower — so with Corydalis lutea

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lines 8—9 score

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⇑lines 15—13 score
⇑lines 3—1 score

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lines 13—22 double score in reddish-orange crayon
line 14 at "Versuchen" annotation with nectary cut off
lines 5—24 annotation upon th whole cutting off nectary hardly lessened Seed.
from annotation in reddish-orange crayon Nectry p.129
     p133    V tricolor
     Delphium
from annotation 129    general conclusion frm 441 experiments barely lessened seed.—

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[continues overleaf] ⇑11 underline in reddish-orange crayon "keine ... trug"
⇑line 7 underline "Blumen ... Kelch"
top-margin annotation in reddish-orange crayon Orchids Cuttg off flowr

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[continuation] 4 score
line 4 underline "sind ... gereift"
top-margin annotation ⧟ corolla cut off
lines 8—9 underline "aber ... Frucht"
from annotation 131. some orchids bore fruit when corolla cut off

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line 15 underline "Keine Frucht"
line 18 underline "eine Frucht"
from annotation 131. some orchids bore fruit when corolla cut off

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⇑line 10 underline in reddish-orange crayon "Hälfte"

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lines 5—6 double score

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line 11 underline in blue crayon "Blumen ... Früchte"

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⇑lines 5—2 double score in reddish-orange crayon
⇑lines 5—2 score
⇑lines 5—2 annotation (a)
bottom-margin annotation (a) Could he have artificially fertilised these flowers ?
from annotation in reddish-orange crayon Nectry p.129
p133 V tricolor
Delphium
from annotation 133 V. tricolor bore fruit

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⇑lines 10—6 score in reddish-orange crayon
⇑lines 8—7 underline "sie ... Saamen"
⇑lines 9—6 annotation !

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lines 9—10 score in reddish-orange crayon
lines 11—13 score in reddish-orange crayon
line 13 underline in reddish-orange crayon "Fruchtbildung"
from annotation p [?]135 ‹[?]Sup› [?]L.
from annotation in reddish-orange crayon Nectry p.129
p133 V tricolor
Delphium
from annotation 135 General conclusion that cutting off corolla did not prevent flower producng fruit. !

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⇑lines 11—9 score in dark pencil

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lines 7—10 score
top-margin annotation says as he cut off corolla &c & yet plant bore seed, yet cannt argue that these parts useless ,so he says with Nectarys
from annotation 138 «to 142.» General conclusion of whole Book on use of Nectaries — All spoilt by not knwng of use of Crosses .

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[continues overleaf] ⇑lines 4—1 double score
bottom-margin annotation argues against Sprngel, because in most honey-secreters no help is wanted (does not think abut crossing), he has proved in mny cases no help wanted . Because mny are fertilised in Bud, as Campanula !!
from annotation 138 «to 142.» General conclusion of whole Book on use of Nectaries — All spoilt by not knwng of use of Crosses .

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[continuation] 2—6 score
lines 2—6 annotation no help wanted
lines 7—9 score
from annotation 138 «to 142.» General conclusion of whole Book on use of Nectaries — All spoilt by not knwng of use of Crosses .

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lines 10—12 score
line 19 underline "so ... habe"
lines 10—17 annotation Nectar fails in many dioicous plants. (B)
bottom-margin annotation (B) Believes insects necessay for some dioicus plants , but cannot believe so important an office left to chance !
from annotation 138 «to 142.» General conclusion of whole Book on use of Nectaries — All spoilt by not knwng of use of Crosses .

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[continues overleaf] ⇑lines 17—9 score in pale pencil
⇑lines 16—15 annotation in pale pencil X
⇑lines 10—8 underline "denn ... vorhanden"
⇑lines 7—4 score
⇑lines 2—1 score in pale pencil
from annotation 138 «to 142.» General conclusion of whole Book on use of Nectaries — All spoilt by not knwng of use of Crosses .

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[continuation] 1—4 score
from annotation 138 «to 142.» General conclusion of whole Book on use of Nectaries — All spoilt by not knwng of use of Crosses .

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lines 5—9 score
from annotation 138 «to 142.» General conclusion of whole Book on use of Nectaries — All spoilt by not knwng of use of Crosses .

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⇑lines 8—2 score
bottom-margin annotation Secretion of nectar, he concludes, relieves flowers, like menstruation, before seeds are set. —
from annotation 138 «to 142.» General conclusion of whole Book on use of Nectaries — All spoilt by not knwng of use of Crosses .

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Book contributed by Cambridge University Library