Recent and fossil clupeomorph fishes with materials for revision of the subgroups of clupeoids. Bulletin of the AMNH ; v. 181, article 2
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Date
1985
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[New York] : American Museum of Natural History
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Abstract
"The Clupeomorpha are a diverse, widespread group of fishes containing (as defined here) about 317 Recent and over 150 known fossil species. They are known as far back as the early Cretaceous and today are worldwide in distribution. Surprisingly little is known about this group phylogenetically. This study briefly reviews past work on clupeomorph interrelationships and examines the skeletal morphology of clupeomorphs to produce materials for a revision of the subgroups of clupeiform fishes. By concentrating on clupeomorph osteology, fossils can be added to the resulting classification. Comparative osteological data, based on examination of over 750 skeletal preparations, are summarized by 20 tables and several cladograms. The osteology of a pellonuline (Odaxothrissa vittata) and dorosomatine (Dorosoma cepedianum) is descriptively illustrated in detail. Also, a list of all nominal fossil species known to the author which appear to belong in Clupeomorpha as defined here, is provided (based on examination of either illustrations or specimens of over 150 fossil species), and the species in this list are briefly discussed. It was found that several skeletal characters define groups such as Clupeomorpha, Clupeomorpha Division 2, Clupeiformes, Clupeoidei, and some clupeoid subgroups. Based on osteological characters, the family Pristigasteridae should be excluded from the superfamily Clupeoidea (which includes Chirocentridae and Clupeidae); and the groups Pristigasteroidea, Engrauloidea, Clupeoidea, Clupeidae, Pellonulinae, and Dussumieriinae were each found to be monophyletic. Several fossil groups are removed from Clupeomorpha (†Ornategulum, †Clupavidae, †Engraulis evolans, and others). Cladograms for Pristigasteroidea, Dussumieriinae, and Pellonulinae are given based on osteological characters. No osteological characters were discovered to indicate that Dorosomatinae, Alosinae, Clupeinae, or these three groups together, are monophyletic. The biggest remaining problem in clupeomorph systematics is seen as discovering the interrelationships of the members of these three subfamilial 'groups of convenience' among Clupeoidei. It is hoped that this work will serve as a base for future phylogenetic studies on clupeomorph fishes by paleoichthyologists and neoichthyologists interested in clupeomorph osteology. The interrelationships of clupeid fishes and the placement of many fossil species within Clupeomorpha are still under study"--P. 235
Description
p. 235-372 : ill. ; 26 cm.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 348-364) and index.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 348-364) and index.
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