An illustrated key to the female anopheline mosquitoes of Central America from western Panama to the southern border of the United States is presented with a taxonomic summary and distribution table. Thirty-nine species and one subspecies are treated: Chagasia (1), Anopheles (Anopheles) (25 and one subspecies), An. (Kerteszia) (2), An. (Lophopodomyia) (1), An. (Nyssorhynchus) (9) and An. (Stethomyia) (1).