324 UTRICULARIA NEGLECTA. (Gaar. XVII. 
are also on the surface of the valve numerous glands, as I 
will call them; for they have the power of absorption, 
though I doubt whether they ever secrete. They consist of 
three kinds, which to a certain extent graduate into one 
another. Those situated round the anterior margin of the 
valve (upper margin in fig. 19) are very numerous and 
crowded together; they consist of an oblong head on a long 
pedicel. The pedicel itself is formed of an elongated cell, 
surmounted by a short one. The glands towards the free 
posterior margin are much larger, few in number, and almost 
spherical, having short footstalks ; the head is formed by the 
confluence of two cells, the lower one answering to the short 
upper cell of the pedicel of the oblong glands. The glands of 
the third kind have transversely elongated heads, and are 
seated on very short footstalks; so that they stand parallel 
and close to the surface of the valve; they may be called 
the two-armed glands. The cells forming all these glands 
contain a nucleus, and are lined by a thin layer of more or 
less granular protoplasm, the primordial utricle of Mohl. 
They are filled with fluid, which must hold much matter in 
solution, judging from the quantity coagulated after they 
have been long immersed in alcohol or ether. The depression 
in which the valve lies is also lined with innumerable glands; 
those at the sides having oblong heads and elongated pe- 
oe exactly like the glands on the adjoining parts of the 
valve. 
The collar (called the peristome by Cohn) is evidently 
formed, like the valve, by an inward projection of the walls 
of the bladder. The cells composing the outer surface, or 
that facing the valve, have rather thick walls, are of a 
brownish colour, minute, very numerous, and elongated; the 
‘ower ones being divided into two by vertical partitions. 
The whole presents a complex and elegant appearance. The 
cells forming the inner surface are continuous with those 
over the whole inner surface of the bladder. The space be- 
tween the inner and outer surface consists of coarse cellular 
tissue (fig. 20). The inner side is thickly covered with 
delicate bifid processes, hereafter to be described. The collar 
is thus made thick; and it is rigid, so that it retains the 
same outline whether the bladder contains little or much air 
and water. This is of great importance, as otherwise the 
thin and flexible valve would be liable to be distorted, and 
in this case would not act properly. 
