Cuar. XVIII.) UTRICULARIA AMETHYSTINA. 3857 
of certain closely allied genera, had the same essential 
structure as those of Utricularia montana, and whether they 
captured prey, I asked Prof. Oliver to send me fragments 
from the herbarium at Kew. He kindly selected some of 
the most distinct forms, having entire leaves, and believed 
to inhabit marshy ground or water. My son, Francis 
Darwin, examined them, and has given me the following 
observations; but it should be borne in mind that it is 
extremely difficult to make out the structure of such minute 
and delicate objects after they have been dried and pressed.* 
Utricularia nelumbifolia (Organ Mountains, Brazil).—The 
habitat of this species is remarkable. According to its 
discoverer, Mr. Gardner,f it is aquatic, but “is only to be 
found growing in the water which collects in the bottom 
of the leaves of a large Tillandsia, that inhabits abundantly 
an arid rocky part of the mountain, at an elevation of about 
5000 feet above the level of the sea. Besides the ordinary 
method by seed, it propagates itself by runners, which it 
throws out from the base of the flower-stem; this runner is 
always found directing itself towards the nearest Tillandsia, 
when it inserts its point into the water and gives origin to 
a new plant, which in its turn sends out another shoot. In 
this manner I have seen not less than six plants united.” 
The bladders resemble those of Utricularia montana in all 
essential respects, even to the presence of a few minute two- 
armed glands on the valve. Within one bladder there was 
the remnant of the abdomen of some larva or crustacean of 
large size, having a brush of long sharp bristles at the apex. 
Other bladders included fragments of articulate animals, and 
many of them contained broken pieces of a curious organism, 
the nature of which was not recognised by any one to whom 
it was shown. : 
Utricularia amethystina (Guiana).—This species has small 
entire leaves, and is apparently a marsh plant ; but it must 
grow in places where crustaceans exist, for there were two 
small species within one of the bladders. The bladders are 
nearly of the same shape as those of Utricularia montana, and 
* Prof. Oliver has given (‘ Proc. appear to have paid particular atten- 
Linn. Soc.’ vol. iv. p. 169) figures of tion to these organs. Í a 
the bladders of two South American t ‘Travels in the Interior of Brazil, 
species, namely, Utricularia Jameso- 1836-41; p. 527. 
niana and peltata; but he does not 
