CLIV 
against $ 4: ,, Where the consequences of rules are questionable, established eustom 
becomes law* and against the custom of most botanists. In consequence of 
established custom in these not sufficiently regulated 2 cases a deviation from 
strict priority is necessary. I shall prove that established custom with some 
Linnean names of the same day, treated in the same manner by all authors: 
1. The following leftside names have the priority to those of the right side 
cited now generally used names ,of the same day*, but no botanist has changed 
the latter, and would do so, because the former got no species names in the 
year 1753. 
Petilium 1735 (1787 Nr. 259) 
Persicaria 1435 (1937 Nr. 96) 
Friilaria L. 1785 (17947. Nr. 260) 
Polygonum L. 1735 (1737 Nr. 329) 
Prasum — Allium 
JPilosella — Hieracium 
Leucanthemum — Chrysanthemum 
Jacea — Centaurea 
Pepo — Cueurbita 
Polium — 'leucrium 
Tinus — Viburnum 
Moldavica — Dracocephalum 
Pulsatilla — Anemone 
Klenia. (Kleinia) — Senecio 
Or from another author: 
Parsonsia P.Br. p. 199 — JMelantum P.Br. p. 215. — Cuphea P.Br. 
p. 216, now together under Cuphea, which got the first species-names by Jacquin. 
Darbilus P.Br. p. 216 — Trichilia P.Br. p. 218, the latter got only 
species names and has been only kept up against Darbillus of 62 pages before. 
2. The following first cited genera got in 1753 less species than the 
following ones, to which they were united afterwards; they have priority to the 
following ones, but the uniting botanists preferred the genus names with the 
most species. That principle must be sanctioned, otherwise we should get a horrible 
change of species-names, 
Sinapis 1735 (5 species 1753) now included in Brassica 1735 (9 species 
1753); Pastinaca (2) in Peucedanum (4); Tanacetum (8) in Chrysan- 
themum (14); Phellandrium (2) in Oenanthe (5); Amygdalus 1735 at first, 
1737 Nr. 395, 1753 pag. 472 with 3 species included in Prunus, 1735 after- 
wards, 1737 Nr. 396, 1753 pag. 473 with 10 species; all the nextin the same 
manner; I add only in () the number of species of 1753 and in [] the page 
of 1753: Blitum (2) [56] in Chenopodium (22) [218]; Betonica (4) [416]; 
in Stachys (8) [485]; Dentaria (3) [653] in Cardamine (15) (654); Garr 
della (1) (425) in Nigella (4) (584); Sorbus (2) 4?? in Pyrus (4) 479; 
e d» (128) in Lathyrus (21) [729]; Spartium (8) [708] in Genista 
9) [709]. : 
These few names sub 1 and 2 include 4- 3600 species, which do not require 
to be changed by my correct commentary to $8 55 sub 1 and 2. My second 
exception of striet priority to $ 55 is of the same principle as $ 54, which 
orders after a separation of a genus in two, to keep its name for the part with 
the most species; but if $ 54 requires a ,considerable* majority of species, We 
cannot agree therewith, as the above exemplifieations show, that only one more 
species must be sufficient for decision. We must also claim that the decision 
can only be taken from the first legal establishment of species; for decisions 
of priority-cases out of later changes is a contradiction or falsification; it would 
