seed. By modern Botanists it has been supposed to be an 
adherent calyx, the limb being the only part disengaged 
from the ovarium. M. Cassini seems to adopt the notion of 
Linneus in fact, although not in distinct terms. But the 
most probable opinion seems to be that of M. Decandolle, 
we believe, that the pappus is of the nature of an involu- 
crum in some cases, and of a calyx in others; and that the 
pericarp is said to have a double pappus when both are de- 
veloped, and a single pappus when only one of these organs 
is to be distinguished. Scabiosa, which has a complete deve- 
lopement of both organs, is a plant from which a con- 
firmation of the latter opinion may, we think, be easily 
obtained. The curious theory of a celebrated modern Bo- 
tanist, which assumes all the floscules of a Syngenesious 
plant to be compound, not simple, is a remarkable cor- 
roboration of the idea, that pappus is constituted of in- 
volucrum and calyx united with the ovarium, and develop- 
ed either partially or entirely according to GE ro 
x ps 
