AD FLORAM INDICAM (BALSAMINEE). 111 
and four others combined in pairs and irregular in form. То save 
verbiage and periphrasis, we have, in the descriptions, called the 
two small lateral sepals only the “ sepals;" the spurred one we call 
* Jabellum," the petal next the axis “ vexillum," and the combined 
lateral petals “ ale.” 
The geographical distribution of the Balsams is on the whole 
singularly circumscribed: with the exception of the very few Sibe- 
rian and European species, none extend to the north or north-west 
much beyond Kashmir ; one only is found in Affghanistan (J. Le- 
manni). The species gradually increase in number, proceeding 
south-eastwards from Kashmir to Khasia and the peninsula of 
India, in about the following proportion :— 
Kashmir, Kishtwar, and countries west of Sutlej... 10 
Sutlej to Nepal frontier ................................. 18 
Nepal, Sikkim, and Bhotan .............................. 25 
Khasia Mountains... aaeeea ceeeee cee cee eee ees 21 
Malay peninsula .......................................... 8 
Western peninsula ....................................... 4l 
Ceylon oo... cece eee 18 
Only three of the Indian species are found in other parts of 
the world. 
The distribution of the extra-Indian species is :— 
Europe and Siberia ............... ETC 8 
North America ............................................. 2 
Malay Islands, Philippines, and China ............... 8? 
Tropical Africa and Madagascar ........................ 8? 
Extra-tropical South А їтіса.............................. 1 
Numerous species will yet be detected in Madagascar and tro- 
pical Africa, and probably others in Western China and Birma. 
With regard to the distribution of the groups, the Scapigere are 
wholly peninsular and Ceylonese; the Oppositifolie almost ex- 
clusively peninsular, the Umbellate, &c., chiefly so; the Lateri- 
flore and Racemose chiefly Himalayan and Khasian. 
Again, of these countries the western peninsula presents the 
most peculiar species, only one-eighth of its species being found 
in other countries. The Himalaya ranks next in this point of 
view, two-fifths of its species being found in other countries. The 
Khasia mountain species, on the other hand, are chiefly Himalayan, 
with а few peninsular, two-thirds of its species being found in other 
countries. One-half the Malayan species are found in the western 
peninsula, and two-ninths of the Ceylon. 
