^ 



causes. 



2. The second, and most interesting element of the flora of 

 Madeira, consists oi Macaronesian plants ; species either peculiar 

 to that island, or common to it Avitli the Canaries, or Avith the 

 Azores, or with both, but confined to those groups. To this 

 category belong several of the Ferns already enumerated, and the 

 foUoAving phsenogamous plants may serve as further examples* : — 



I. Plants appabektlt peculiar to Madeira. 



Sinapidendron fmtescens^ Lowe, 



Matthiola Maderensis^ Lowe (the distinctness of this 

 may perhaps be doubtful) . 

 Lotus glaucuSj Soland. 

 Chamcemeles coriacea, Lindl. 

 Sempervivum glutinosum^ Soland. 

 S, tahularformey Haw. 



;. 



ifraqa Jllcul 



Ilelichrysiim ohcomcum, DC, 



//, melanoplithalmitm^ DC. 



Calendula Maderensis^ DC, 



Senecio crassifolius, var, /3, I 



Tolpis pectinata^ DC. 



T. viacrorhizttj DC. 



T.fruticosa^ DC. 

 SoncJiics tistiilatuSy Lowe. 



Musschia atirea^ DC. ( ^ ^ ^ 



Sihthorpia peregrina, L. (= Disandra prostrata^ Linn, fil.) 

 EcJiium fastuosum, 

 Sideritis Massoniana^ Benth. 

 Teucrium hetonicum, 



JPlantago MaderensU, Decaisne (is it really distinct from P. 

 arhorescens ?) . 



* I am not at present able to give complete lists of the plants comprehended 

 in these several categories, but must content myself with enumerating a few 

 conspicuous examples. 



I 

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t 



20 ME. BUl^BUKT ON THE BOTANY Or MADEIRA. 



Atlantic continent. It is probable tliat the botanical character of 



the lower parts of those islands has been very materially changed | 



since they were first occupied by Europeans, and we can liardly 



now hope to determine with precision how much of the European 



element of their flora is due to transport by winds or by birds, 



how much to the indirect agency of man, and how much to other 



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