OF THE DIPTEROCARPACE Z, 107 
more than three times the length of calyx. Balanocarpus ano- 
malus, King, with petals only twice the length of sepals, forms 
an exception. Stamens 10 or 15, adhering to base of petals; 
filaments much dilated at base ; anthers short ovate ; valves nearly 
equal; connective prolonged into a straight apical awn, longer than 
anther. Ovary superior, in the majority of species terminating 
in a fleshy stylopodium, which is either long, cylindric, or short 
and broad. A number of species, however, have no stylopodium. 
Style in most species short, in some filiform ; stigma minute. 
Fruit oblong or subglobose, apiculate, often with numerous raised 
lines, glabrous or hairy; pericarp in some species woody. Seg- 
ments of fruiting-calyx enlarged and thickened, sometimes woody, 
enclosing the base of fruit; in several species the outer segments 
smaller than the inner. Testa membranous, loosely enclosing 
the embryo.  Cotyledons fleshy, generally both bifid. Two 
types may be distinguished—either the hypocotyl is lying on 
the outside of the outer cotyledon which is slightly concave, 
enclosing the inner, or it is lying in the main axis of the 
embryo, between the 4 lobes of the cotyledons. The first type is 
found in B. zeylanicus, utilis, erosa, and Heimii; the second in 
B. penangianus, Hemsleyanus, Curtisii, and coriaceus. 
The secondary nerves are generally distant, more or less 
prominent on the underside of leaves ; the tertiary nerves parallel 
and reticulate. B. Curtisii, however, has numerous indistinct 
secondary nerves. 
For an anatomical examination of Balanocarpus, I have not 
yet had material at my disposal. On tab. iv. of his ‘ Recherches’ 
Heim represents structure of internode and petiole, and for 
species 1-3 and 14, which he includes under this genus, the 
main points, according to that author, are that there are 3 leaf- 
traces and a small number of resin-ducts in the circumference 
of the pith, which are pretty large and unequal in diameter. 
For Richetia (species 11-13), Heim mentions gum-cavittes 1n the 
outer cortex, 6-8 resin-ducts in the circumference of the pith. 
As far as can be gathered from the external appearance of 
herbarium specimens, the length of the cortical lateral leaf-traces 
varies. In B. Hemsleyanus and Heimii they appear to run in 
the bark through more than one internode ; in B. utilis they are 
long in some, short in other specimens; while in B. erosa, 
Wrayi, and Curtisii they are short. It must, however, be remem- 
bered that the outward appearance of herbarium specimens is 
