118 SIR DIETRICH BRANDIS—AN ENUMERATION 
adnate to the base of the ovary. Though this is not the case in all 
species of Synaptea, Griffith’s species, with two long wings of the 
fruiting-calyx, is a proper type of the subgenus Synaptea. Pierre, 
Heim, and, as already mentioned, Trimen regard Vatica and 
Synaptea as separate genera. Arnott (Annals of Nat. Hist. iii. 
p. 155, 1839) made Isauaxis a subgenus of Vatica, to comprise 
V. lanceefolia and Roxburghiana. Burck retained Arnott’s name 
Tsauxis, but applied it to V. bancana, Scheff., with equal but 
elongated segments of the fruiting-calyx. I follow Burck, and 
add V. Kunstleri and V. Schefferi to the same subgenus. 
After these preliminary remarks, the essential characters of 
Vatica may now be stated as follows :— 
Leaves as a rule coriaceous, petioles generally pubescent. 
Stipules mostly small, caducous. Secondary nerves distinct and 
limited in number, tertiary mostly reticulate. Flowers in spikes 
or racemes, not unilateral, arranged in terminal and axillary 
panicles. In some species there is what at first sight appears to 
be a cyme. The axis bifurcates, and there is an apparently 
terminal flower in the bifurcation. This is found in several 
species, and it is particularly striking in specimens collected by 
Dr. Warburg in Luzon (13430) which I refer to V. Mangachapot, 
Blanco. On closer examination it is found that what appears to 
be a terminal flower is the lowest lateral: flower of the main 
axis or of the branch which has developed as strongly as the 
main axis (Plate III. fig. 18, Vatica perakensis, King). In 
Vatica lanceafolia Y have found two such pseudo-terminal 
flowers in one apparent bifurcation, one flower belonging to the 
axis, the other to the branch (Plate III. fig. 4). The calyx is 
valvate. Stamens 15, of which 10 are episepalous, standing in 
5 pairs behind each other. Anthers short, glabrous; cells very 
unequal, diverging at the base; appendix of connective obtuse, 
often very short. Filaments of the 10 outer stamens very short, 
those of the 5 inner much longer. Ovary either free or half 
immersed in the obconical receptacle, often pitted, generally 
hairy; style cylindric, often ribbed and furrowed, mostly shorter 
than ovary; stigma capitate or conical. Segments of fruiting- 
calyx either equal, shorter than fruit (Retinodendron), or equal 
and much longer than fruit (Zsauzis), or two segments growing 
out into long wings. So far as known, the cells of cotyledons 
filled with starch. 
There is reason to believe that the internal structure of the 
