324 DR. MAXWELL T. MASTERS—A GENERAL 
difficult to reconcile these facts with Sachs’s statement that there 
is no seminiferous scale * in the Cupressinez. 
Distribution —Of some of the species the native locality still 
remains uncertain: thus the origin of Cupressus lusitanica, the 
largest and oldest trees of which exist in Portugal, but which are 
not considered to be true natives of that country, is not known. 
The habitat of the form known as C. torulosa var. Corneyana, 
is equally unknown. The Common Cypress in its horizontal form 
is only known wild on the mountains of Crete and Cyprus, and 
where the now commonly cultivated pyramidal form first appeared 
is not recorded. 
Cypresses are found in the Palearctic, Indo-Chinese, and 
Nearctie regions, and extend from the Eastern part of the 
Mediterranean basin through the Levant, Persia, and Afghani- 
stan to the Himalayas, but mostly as cultivated trees. The 
Indian form of C. sempervirens (Whitleyana) is probably a native 
in W. Himalaya. C. torulosa is also wild in the Western Hima- 
laya. C. funebris is cultivated in Tibet and Sikkim, but has 
recently been discovered wild in the mountains of Ichang. 
In Japan two species of the subgenus Chamecyparis, with 
numerous varieties, exist, Cupressus pisifera and C. obtusa. 
In North-west America near the coast are also two species of 
the section Chamecyparis, Cupressus nootkatensis and C. Law- 
soniana; whilst in California and the mountains of Mexico and 
Guatemala there are several species, some, such as C. macrocarpa, 
being found on the Californian coast within a very restricted 
area. On the opposite side of the Continent, C. Thyoides extends 
from north to south. 
Some of the insular forms are worthy of note as offering 
variation from the type growing on the mainland (see subsequent 
remarks on the Farallones Cypress, and on C. guadeloupensis, 
both apparently forms of C. macrocarpa). 
The dry climate of Arizona seems also to have induced some 
modification in the type of C. Benthami, which variation Prof. 
Greene considers to be of specific value and calls in consequence 
C. arizonica. 
In geological distribution they have been found in Pliocene 
and Miocene formations, but not at an earlier period than the 
Eocene. 
* Sachs ex Goebel, * Outlines of Classification and Special Morphology,’ ed. 
Garnsey and Balfour, Oxford (1887), p. 329. 
