









ANATOMY, AND LIFE-HISTOBT OE THE CONIPEB-SS. 



273 



In other species the bud-scales are least resistant at the base 

 of the bud, and when this happens the bud-scales are pushed off 

 in the form of a cap. This may be called calyptrate deperula- 

 tion. A prevalent tendency to calyptrate deperulation is 





Fig. 11.— Tubular deperulation to the left ; calyptrate to the right, 











observable in Abies sachalinensis, Picea pun gens, Engelmanni, 



Mori 



But the 



, , „„v* ,*»„,.>, ._~ V 



tendency is inconstant even on tbe same tree, being dependent, 

 as before said, upon fluctuating conditions. In Picea Engel- 

 manni, while the deperulation of tbe lateral buds is calyptrate, 

 that of the terminal ones is usually tubular. 



The order of development of the terminal and lateral buds at the 

 ends of the erect or of the horizontal shoots is worthy of atten- 

 tion. The general but not invariable tendency in the Abietineae 

 is for the side-buds to expand before the central or terminal 

 hud, even when that is larger than the other. This may possibly 

 he partly accounted for by the restriction afforded by the circlet 

 of buds around the end-bud. 



In some of the Pines where the cone is apparently, though not 

 really, terminal, the central bud does not start into growth and 

 develop into a shoot until the originally erect cone bends 

 downwards ; hence the shoot in question is a season behind the 

 cone in development though formed at the same time. 



The direction of growth of the young shoot also presents (in 

 the first instance) differences in different species according as the 

 side shoots turn from the horizontal position upwards or down- 

 wards ; thus in Abies Nordmanniana, A. homolepis, and 



many 







;grow 

 nstha 













- 















L 





