







( 







274 



DB. M. T. MASTERS OV THE MORPHOLOGY, 



an upward direction, ^fe A ssf leaving the as yet unde- 



veloped central bud as it were at the bottom of a cup. In other 

 cases the curvature o£ the young shoot is downwards owing to 

 disproportionately rapid growth on the upper side of the shoot 

 (epiuasty), and in consequence of which the tip of the shoot is 





directed downwards 



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This happens in Abies 









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Veitchit, sachalinensis, Picea Engelmanni, Morinda, excelsa, 

 ajanens'Sy Ac. 



These remarks only apply to the direction of the shoots in the 

 first instance ; during growth the originally upturned shoot be- 

 comes inverted and vice versa. 



In the Piceas, where the young shoots are at first deflexed, the 

 stomata are not so distinctly localized in position. In any case, 

 whether the side branches be at first curved upwards or in the 

 opposite direction, growth becomes ultimately equalized on tbe 

 two surfaces, and the branches then, after various changes of 























position, assume a straight and nearly horizontal position. 



In Pinus the shoots turn upwards almost from the first, and 

 are directed nearly in a straight direction. After a time the 

 lateral shoots become more or less horizontal, except at the tips, 

 which become curved upwards. 



In Pinus also the young shoots present differences which are 

 useful for specific distinction, in colour, degree of hairiness, form, 

 Ac, some being cylindrical, others with prominent angles, with 

 intervening furrows, with one or more rows of resin-canals; 

 but the most remarkable difference here to be noted is the 

 presence or absence of leaf-fascicles at the base of the shoot. 

 Where the growth is uniform the whole length of the shoot is 

 covered with leaf -tufts as in Pinus Pinea, resinosa, Laricio, 

 silvestris, pungens, contorta, inops, densiflora, Llaveana, hud- 

 sonica, Cembr a, ponder osa, edulis, rigida,Pumilio, Ac. ; but where 

 growth is disproportionately rapid near the base there the base 

 of the shoot is destitute of leaves for some distance, as in Pinus 

 Strobus, monticola, Sabiniana, excelsa, Peuke, Jeffrey^ densi- 

 flora, Bungeana, muricata, tuberculata, monophylla, pyrenaica, 

 Parryana, Massoniana, mitis, Ac. This character, however, is 

























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