





281 



DB. M* T. MASTEES ON THE MOBPHOLOGY, 



An exactly opposite mode of ramification to that just mentioned 



grown 



primary 







brassil variety. 



remain short and comparatively undeveloped, while the smaller 

 branches are greatly multiplied so as to form a low globose bush. 

 These sports frequently originate as " burrs " or bud- variations 

 from branches of the ordinary character ; but when removed they 

 may be propagated by grafting. Similar forms occur in other 

 Qonifers __ 



(Hexenbest 



of the Germans) which are the result of the attack of a parasitic 

 fungus (JEcidium elatinum). 



Mention has already been made of the leaves on fastigiate 

 shoots and of the curious tendency that some species of Abies 

 have of suddenly producing from the upper surface of their hori- 

 zontal branches shoots which have an ascending direction and in 

 which the leaves are, in consequence, regularly arranged round 



^ Of like character 



are the remarkable cases sometimes seen in forests where numerous 

 branches rise erect from the lateral branches surrounding the 

 main trunk like so many satellites. In these cases the original 

 radiating position of the leaves has been lost in course of growth 

 and the leaves are arranged on the satellite branches exactly in 

 the same way as on the parent tree. Abies Pichta at Painpesford 

 produces shoots of this character whicli are u layered " and after- 

 wards separated as independent trees. 



Loudon, Groepert, and others figure and describe several cases 

 of this kind in the common So 

 where the horizontal branches have rootecTin the soil and sent up 



Menz 



ndary 



!■ ' 



The 



trunks 



overthrown by the wind, and I have myself seen numerous erect 



sem 



inH 



hewn down *. 











Loudon, Arboretum (1&38), vol. iv. dd. 2298 



Garten 



28-33. 



Pflanzenwelt 











■ ■ 





* 





















figs. 2210-UZif ; 



i 



83. Staaten (1853), 





9ns (1875), p. 164. 



f 





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- 



A 



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