







ANATOMY, AND LIFE-HISTORT OF THE C03IFERJB. 



295 





























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The innermost ones not rarely exhibit a transition to the anthers, 

 bearing small or incomplete anther-cells on the lower part of their 

 back. In P. resinosa and P. canariensis I find the involucral 

 bracts articulated in the middle." 



Engelmann then 



gives 



the 





following numerical table of the bracts : 3-4 in P. silvestris and 



Pinaster ; 3-6 in P. densiflora ; 4 in P. Balfouriana, canariensis, 

 Greggi ; 4-5 in P. edulis and Parry ana ; 4-6 in P. Pinea and 

 P. halepensis ; 4-10 in P. pyrenaica ; 5-6 in P. monopJtylla ; 6 in 

 P. leiophylla, Laricio, and contorta; 6-7 in P. resinosa, montana, 

 and Massoniana ; 6-8 in P. Strobus, excelsa, PeuJce, Cembra, rigida 9 

 tuberculata,muricata,pungens, and Banksiana; 8-10 in P. montir 

 cola, flexilis, insularis, Ohihuahuana, Thunbergii, Laricio, vars. 

 pyrenaica and austriaca, Coulteri and mop* ; 8-12 in P. 2Wa ; 

 9-12 in P. Montezuma and mtti* ; 10 in P. insignis; 10-12 in 

 P. ponderosa ; 10-15 in P. Sabiniana ; 12 in P. Merkhusii and 

 Elliottii ; 12-14 in P. khasia, glabra, and aus trails ; 14-16 in 

 P. Lambertiana and cubensis. 



Eichler* gives the following details as to the phyllotaxy of 

 the stamens in various species : — 2/5 in Cryptomeria japonica ; 

 3/8 in Taxus baccata ; 8/21 iu Podocarpus Sellowii, Lamberti, 

 Larix europaa ; 13/34 in Picea excelsa, P. glauca [?] ; 2/7, 2/9, 

 and in 4-5-merous whorls (2/8, 2/10), Pinus pumilio, P. silvestris ; 

 2/13, 2/15, Pinus nigricans ; 2/27-2/31, Araucaria brasiliana. 



Form, Size, and Colour. — The variations in these respects pre- 

 sented by the male flowers are serviceable for the discrimination 

 of species and varieties even in cases where they are not of 

 great morphological or physiological significance. Thus in the 

 genus Pinus, for example, the flowers vary considerably in size; 

 they are short, thin, slender or long and thick, straight or spirally 

 coiled. : 



In colour they are usually of some shade of yellow, from very 

 pale lemon-yellow to deep orange. In other cases they are of a 

 violet or crimson colour. 



As these plants are supposed to be purely anemophilous, it is 

 difficult to explain the reason of the marked conspicuousness of 

 the male flowers, unless it be as an attraction to pollen-eating 

 insects. 



The anthers, or male sporangia, of Conifers are borne either 

 °n the sides or on the under surface of the staminal leaf or spo- 



* 



■ 



* Blutliendiagraiiinie, i. p. 60. 











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