





















302 DH. M. T. MASTERS ON THE MORPHOLOGY, 



The simplest illustration is that of Diselma, now referred to 

 Fitzroya^ and in which the erect ovules are borne in pairs in the 

 axil of each leaf. In a few genera, e, g. Callitris, spp. var., and 

 Actinostrobus , the fruit-scales are verticillate and valvate. The 

 whole cone is to be considered as a single flower, inasmuch as the 

 separate scales are direct productions from the axis, without peri- 

 anthial covering and destitute of articulation. 



The ripe seed-scales are woody in most of the genera, but ulti- 

 mately succulent in Juniperus. In some cases a longitudinal 

 section shows that the cone-scale is approximately of the same 



thickness thromrhniit. or at leant without anv sudden marked 





and Biota. 



length 



hocedrus 



OhamcBcyparis 



j. - — 



scale is thicker than the apex ; while in Thuyopsis borealis, Thuya 



(exclusive 



terminal 

 Still n 



Fitzroy 



fruit-scale is apparently single and undivided, in others, though 

 single below, it is divided above into two superposed laminae often 



Libocedrus 



leptoclada, a form of Chamcecyparis sphceroidea. 



Anatomical Structure. — In the scale of Actinostrobus, passing 

 from without inwards, we have a brown epidermis encircling a 

 mass of parenchyma containing chlorophyll and traversed by two 

 or more resin-canals. Towards the centre, or rather nearer to 

 the ventral side, is a double row of fibro-vascular bundles. In 

 the lower or outer row the phloem is external and the xylem in- 

 ternal, while in the upper row the phloem is above, the xylem 

 below, an arrangement similar to that in the Abietineae. Cupressus 

 has a similar structure, and indeed the other genera of tiie sub- 

 order, as shown by Van Tieghem *. 



The development of the ovules has been studied by Baillon, 

 who, as before noted, considers them to be ovaries developed in 

 the axil of fertile bracts f. 



* 



Nature of the Fruit-scale. — In some of the genera, as we have 



V • 



* Van Tieghem, Traite de Botanique, p. 1327 ; Anatomie de la fleur des 

 Gjrmnosperme?, p. 275. 



t Baillon, Recherches Organ, but la fleur femelle dea Coniiercs, &c. p. 8. 



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