























- 





ANATOMY. AND 



311 









either remain firmly attached, or from which, as in the Silver 

 Firs (Abies), they become early detached to liberate the seed, 









sur 



rounded by spiral vessels, a hard woody centre of variable thick- 

 ness and consistence traversed by medullary rays, and an outer 

 cortex traversed by resin-canals. 















































Malfo 



t. 



* 



Only a few of these need here be noticed. The plant figured 

 by Trautvetter* as Thuicecarpus juniperinus is interesting as 

 affording an instance of permanent arrest of development. It 

 is in fact a Juniper in which the fruit-scales, instead of becoming 

 confluent and succulent remain free nearly to the base, and do 

 not assume a succulent character. Like Betinospora, it supplies 

 an illustration of a genus founded on characters of a temporary 

 or accidental character. The ordinarily dioecious species, such 

 as Araucaria imbricata, sometimes produce flowers of both sexes 

 on the same treef. Carriere figures and describes a similar 



I ; while in the Tew the 

 nmon. A gradual transi- 

 tion from the leaves to the stamens or sporophylls is also occa- 

 sionally met with, especially in prolified flowers of Larix and 

 other genera §. Braun notes that although female plants only 

 of Taxus tardiva are known in gardens, yet seeds are pro- 

 duced in abundance ||, probably because the flowers are fertilized 

 by the pollen of Taxus baccata. But the most important 

 malformations to be considered, for our present purpose, are 

 certain monstrosities of the cones, which may be comprised 

 under two heads :— (1) Androgynous cones, and (2) Proliferous 

 cones. 



Androgynous Cones.— Many instances of this peculiarity are 



ecus Fortunei 

 very 





:i 















■ 





Trautvetter, Plantarum Imagines (1844), p. 11, t 6. 

 t Masters in Gard. Chron. (1873), p. 291, c. ic. 



* 



Carriere in Revue Horticole (1878), p. 117. 



§ Schleiden, Principles, ed. Lankester, 1849, p. 229. A. Braun, " Ueber eine 



Missbildung von Podocarpus chinensis," in Monatsb. k. Akad. d. Wissenscb. 



Berlin, October 1869 (Podocarpus). (See also Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4655; 



Oersted in Vidensk. Meddelels. p. 83.) 



I 1 Braun in Sitzim^K K^f v aM ; n n-oT^Anhiiwr June 1874, p. 744, adnot. 







' ■ 



































