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315 



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pearances presented by these proliferous cones in various genera 

 are essentially similar. The bracts become more or less leafy, 

 and, indeed, those at either end of the cone pass gradually into 

 the condition of ordinary leaves, so that the general appearance 

 is as a branch growing through a cone. 



In Tsuga Brunoniana the bracts are completely metamorphosed 

 into leaves, while the scale is reduced to a lenticular process des- 

 titute of ovules and almost, if not wholly, detached from the 

 bract (fig. 21). 



The fruit-scales sometimes disappear gradually, at othera 







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■Fig. 21. — Tsuga Brunoniana, 

 showing "leaf y bract ed- 

 tached from the fruit- 



Fig. 22.— Portion of the cone of a Proliferous 

 Larch. 2 is a fruit-scale in the axil of an 

 unchanged bract ; at 3 the leafy bract en- 

 nln«Afl »t. 4 a sterile fruit-scale ; at 5 the scale 



scale, which is barren. En- has disappeared entirely. Enlarged, 



larged. 



they are more or less changed, while in still other cases they 

 are not appreciably altered. Thus in a proliferous larch- 

 cone I found the woody scales more or less winged at the sides, 

 notched and bipartite *, and sometimes at the bottom of the 

 notch a short cylindrical column was present, suggestive of the 

 axis of a rudimentary bud, a matter of some significance in relation 

 to the view taken of the nature of the fruit-scale by Caspary and 

 others, to be hereafter alluded to (fig. 23, p. 316). Sometimes 









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* 







* Compare this with the divided fruit-scale of Schizolepis 

 B*nault, Oours de Botan. Fossil. Conif. tab. 12. ff. 1-4. 



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