552 131. CONIFERS. 
The leaf-section and cone of Fortune’s specimen are like those 
of the true Pinus Massoniana. 
Pinus Massoniana was figured and described by Lambert in 1803, 
from a specimen brought home by Masson from the Cape, where it 
had been grown from Chinese seeds.. The type specimen is in the 
British Museum, and bears foliage and male flowers. It is very 
distinct from the P. Massoniana of Siebold and Zuccarini, a 
Japanese plant. Whether or not it is distinct from Pinus sinensis, 
also of Lambert, is open to question. Lambert described and 
figured this latter plant in his second edition, not published till 
1832, and then only from a Chinese drawing, so that there is no 
type specimen in existence. The drawing shows a plant with 
shorter leaves and with flatter cone-scales than in the true P. Mas- 
soniana. Bentham adopts the name sinensis for the long-leaved 
Chinese form ; but, in that case, the type specimen, figure, and 
description of Massoniana, dating from 1803, must be ignored 
in favour of a name given thirty years later, and of which no 
type exists in herbaria. 
What Siebold and Zuccarini, and Murray, meant by P. Mas- 
soniana is a very different tree, called by Parlatore P. Thunbergit. 
In living collections, as well as in books and herbaria, great 
confusion exists between P. Massoniana, sinensis, densiflora, and 
Thunbergii. The confusion is heightened by the existence of 
one, or perhaps two, dwarf varieties, whieh it is diffieult to 
assign to their proper species, and one of which may, perhaps, 
ultimately be ranked as a distinct species. The true P. Mas- 
soniana, with long slender leaves, seems to be exclusively 
Chinese, if not entirely South Chinese. 
The var. planiceps may be a stunted form of P. Massoniana, 
kept dwarf by being persistently cut for firewood, or continually 
browsed, as in the case of some other species. 
9. Pinus scipioniformis, Masters in Bull. Herb. Boiss. Vi 
p. 270. 
Hvrzn (A4. Henry!). Herb. Boissier. 
10. Pinus Thunbergii, Parl. in DO. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 388; 
Engelm. Revis. Genus Pinus, in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, iv- 
p- 182, note 26 ; Franchet, Pl. David. i. p. 285 ; Masters in Journ. 
Linn. Soc. xviii. (1881) p. 504; Mayr, Monogr. Abiet. Jap. p.69, 
t. 5. fig. 16 et t. 7. fig. 1; Franchet in Journ. de Bot. 1899, p. 298 ; 
Sargent, Silva, xi. P. 7, adnot. 
