IN VEGETABLE BIOLOGY. 211 
(ii.) As (i), but with a few small spherical red-brown bodies 
(degraded chlorophyll grains) oscillating in the cell. 
Gii.) With a number of red-brown bodies massed upon either 
of the free (superficial) walls; the bodies were usually in oscilla- 
tion. 
(iv.) With brownish quiescent grains, much smaller than those 
of healthy cells, lying either on the lateral walls for the most 
part, or in larger proportion or almost entirely on the free (super- 
ficial) walls, or fairly evenly distributed on all the walls. 
(v.) With the characters of (iii.) and (iv.) combined. 
(vi.) With grains still green, and appearing but little the worse 
for their imprisonment, ranged either exclusively on the side or 
on the free walls (in the latter case recalling epistrophe to the 
mind), or disposed impartially on all the walls: these grains did 
not oscillate, nor were they collected into masses. 
The large cell crowning each paraphysis has massed grains 
after three weeks’ confinement in the dark. The masses, which 
are collected at two or three points on the lateral wall, are formed 
of smail red-brown bodies closely resembling those of the leaves. 
It appears, then, that the negatively apostrophized chlorophyll 
of Funaria tends, upon protracted withholding of light, to move 
back again towards epistrophe, which it may sometimes almost 
or quitereach. Fig. 4(Pl. VII.) shows the movement in progress, 
combined with an evident tendency of the grains to collect in one 
part (here the proximal end) of the cell: this figure was drawn 
from a plant kept in very low light (insufficient to epistropbize 
already apostrophized chlorophyll) for a fortnight, so that in 
order to bring about this rearrangement (which may be called 
“negative epistrophe,” or, perhaps, more correctly “ astrophe ’’) 
total exelusion of light is not necessary. 
The same movement upon prolonged exposure to darkness was 
also seen in a few of the proximal marginal cells of Lemna tri- 
sulca after a month's imprisonment, and figs. 7b and c (especially 
the former) show it in Callitriche verna. Whether the massing 
round and near the nucleus in Poa annua, previously described, 
and in the epidermal cells of Pteris serrulata (fig. 10) are in- 
stances of it is doubtful, since its essential feature resides in the 
fact of its appearing after apostrophe. 
It will be remembered that it has been discovered that if pro- 
thallia be set in darkness when their grains are in apostrophe, 
epistrophe is partially assumed, negative apostrophe not setting 
