116 MR. MILLER CHRISTY ON THE 
Ober Date, | Locality and Insect Visitors observed. 
B 1914. | | MEM 
5. April 26, | Meadows, Roxwell, Essex.—On a warm sunny morning, after watching from 
10.30 till 12.15, among many Cowslips in ful! flower, I saw only six Bees 
(8 Bombus hortorum L., Y, and 3 Anthophoru acervorum L.) at work on 
them 
6. May 3. | Meadow, Rorwell, Esser.—-Watched for over an hour among many Cowslips 
(still out fully, but rather past their best) without seeing a single Bee visit 
any of them, probably because a cold wind was blowing. 
7. May 10. | Hedge bank, Writtle, Essex.—A large Humble Bee (? Bombus lapidarius L., 9) 
visited several flowers in a sheltered spot. 
Records of observations on insect visitors to the CowsLip are few. The 
most complete are those of Knuth*, made near Kiel, but his list is a little 
more than an amplification of that of Müller +, made in Thuringia. Knuth 
enumerates :— 
HYMENOPTERA. 
Bombus hortorum F. 
Bombus agrorum F., 9 , sucking. 
Anthophora acervorum (L.), d and 9 , frequent, sucking. 
Andrena gwynana K., 9,in large numbers, collecting pollen from 
short-styled flowers, but soon leaving long.styled flowers, 
Halictus albipes F., 9 , as A. gwynana, 
Halictus cylindricus F, 9, ditto. 
Dirtera. 
Bombylius discolor Mg., sucking. 
LEPIDOPTERA. 
Gonepteryx rhamni (L.). 
COLEOPTERA. 
Meligethes ? sp., eating pollen. 
Darwin has recorded ł the capture of a Mullein Moth, Cucullia verbasci, 
in the act of visiting a Cowslip flower. 
Prof. Weiss, early in April 1904, in North Staffordshire, watched 
Cowslips § in two meadows in which they were abundant. In one, which 
was very exposed, he saw no insects at work; but, in the other, which was 
sheltered by a copse, he saw five Humble Bees (some Bombus muscorum F., 
others B. terrestris L.), “each of which visited quite a large number of 
flowers.” 
* ‘Flower Pollination,’ iii. (1909), pp. 67 & 69. 
+ Nature, 10 Decs 1874, p. 111 n. In his earlier ‘ Fertilization of Flowers,’ p.385, he had 
mentioned “humble-bees and Anthophora pilipes” only. 
t See ante, p. 108, and post., p. 135. 
§ New Phytologist, iii. (1904), p. 170. 
