250 MISS H. BANDULSKA ON THE CUTICULAR STRUCTURE OF 
structure would reveal the generic character, preparations have been made 
of various recent and fossil Sequoias and recent Araucarias. Gardner 
believed it to be closely related to Araucaria Cunninghamii, and externally it 
is extraordinarily like the latter species. The cuticular structure, however, 
does not support this view. 
Let us now consider the structure of some recent Araucarias :— 
| 
. . oe | " " . 3277 . Bg . 
Araucaria Cunninghamit.| Araucaria excelsa. |Araucaria Bidwillii. | Araucaria imbricata. 
| 
| 
Average length of | Leaflets of two dif- | 4 cm. | cm, 
leaflet, 8-10 mm. ferent habits, 7-8 
mm. in length, in 
compressed form, 
| while in spread- 
| ing form length is 
10-15 mm, 
Average width of 1-2 mm. in each} 1 cm. 2:8 cm. 
leaflet, 2 mm. at base. case. 
Arrangement— Spiral. Spiral, laterally | Spiral, spreading, | Spiral, spreading. 
| compressed, im-| slightly decurrent 
| brieate, or spiral| at the base. 
| spreading at right 
| angles to the 
| stem, slightly de- 
| , Current. 
Shape—Falcate. | Faleate. Ovate-lanceolate. | Ovate. | 
| 
| 
| 
The external characters of Araucaria Bidwillii are not in agreement with 
those of Araucarites Güpperti. 
The falcate, laterally compressed imbricated short-leaved form of Arau- 
caria, excelsa is extremely like Araucaria Cunninghamii, and also like the fossil 
form, but the latter shows marked decurrence. 
Cuticular Structure of Araucaria Cunninghamii (Pl. 20. figs. 15, 16). 
The stomata occur in bands on both surfaces. Each band consists of three 
or four linear series more regularly grouped than those of Araucarites 
Gópperti. The stomata are closely packed, and in many cases no epidermal 
cells intervene between them. The stomatal axes are extremely variable in 
direction. Four or five, but more commonly four, subsidiary cells surround 
the guard cells, have thick radial and outer walls, and stain deeply. The 
epidermal cells have very wavy walls and are very thick-walled, showing 
pits: thus it would seem that if Araucarites Güpperti is an Araucaria, it must 
be a different species of Araucaria from Araucaria Cunninghamit, since the 
walls of its epidermal cells are straight. Dr. Marie Stopes has shown 
(Stopes, 1907) that in the case of the recent and fossil Ginkgos, wavy or 
straight epidermal walls must be regarded as a specific character, though 
externally uo difference could be detected between the recent and fossil 
forms. 
