CERTAIN DICOTYLEDONOUS AND CONIFEROUS LEAVES. 257 
Epidermal Cells.—These are relatively much shorter and wider than those 
of known Sequoias, with ends oblique to flat, round rather than angular, and 
many show sliding growth. There is no marked difference between those 
alternating with the serial rows of stomata and those between individual 
stomata, but there is a marked difference between these and those of the 
midrib. | 
Thus, when we compare this leaf with thatof Sequoia sempervirens, We see 
that while the external characters are in agreement, the cuticular structure 
is not sufficiently alike in the two leaves for the specimen to be identical 
specifically with S. sempervirens. The construction of the pore occasionally 
presents considerable resemblance in the two cases, Thus what is of common 
occurrence in Sequoia Tournalii, namely the vertically elongated horizontal 
cell closing in the pore and serving as a connecting cell between one pore 
and the next in the same linear series, may also be seen in Sequoia semper- 
virens, but as the exception rather than the rule. Sequoia sempervirens 
usually has a short connecting cell cut out horizontally. In Sequoia 
Tournalii too, the stomatal series and epidermal cell rows present the same 
waved appearance owing to the divergence from the vertical of each linear 
series, A very short cell may close in the poral ring in 8. Tournalii, as is 
commonly seen in Sequoia sempervirens. The vertical cells of the poral ring 
may have an end produced beyond the other cells of the ring in S. Tournalit, 
just as commonly occurs in Sequoia sempervirens, but in S. Tournalii the 
prolongation of the cell is not so marked. The chief points of difference are 
differences of size of all the cells, and the absolutely vertical orientation of 
the stomatal pores in Sequoia Tournalii, while the stomata in the fossil 
species do not show so clearly the banded arrangement characteristic of the 
living form, but seem evenly distributed right across the leaf in serial rows, 
except along the midrib. The shape of the epidermal cells is very similar, 
and the end walls are much alike in the fossil and recent species, if we allow 
for the far greater relative length in S. sempervirens. 
Sequoia COUTISIEÆ, Heer. Seales and seeds of this species as well as its 
sterile shoots have been found in the lignite of Bovey Tracey, which is 
regarded as of Oligocene age, and the cuticle has also been figured by Reid 
(1910). This fossil Sequoia is more delicate in appearance than either 
Sequoia gigantea or the fossil Araucarites Göpperti which so much resembles 
Sequoia gigantea. The stem is relatively thicker and the leaves wider apart, 
narrower and more sharply pointed, but also decurrent. The space between 
two leaves in a vertical series is 2 mm. 
Cuticle (Pl. 21. figs. 31, 32).— Here, as in the other two species of Sequoia, 
i.e. S. gigantea and S. sempervirens, the stomata form bands. The stomatal 
pores are roughly four-sided and surrounded by an oblong ring of four or 
five narrow elongated cells. Epidermal cells between the stomatal rows are 
vertically elongated parallel to the direction of the midrib, which consists of 
about 15-30 rows of cells. ‘The epidermal cells between two stomata in the 
LINN. JOURN.— BOTANY, VOL, XLVI. U 
