258 MISS H. BANDULSKA ON THE CUTICULAR STRUCTURE OF 
same vertical series are square or elongated horizontally, or less frequently 
vertically. Outside the stomatal bands, the epidermal cells are irregular 
both in shape and direction, and relatively wider in proportion to their length 
than those between the linear stomatal series. 
Stomatal Apparatus.—Stomata occur on both surfaces of the leaf. The 
stomatal bands are extremely irregular, and by no means follow accurate 
vertical lines, a band consisting of about four series of divergent stomata 
which widen out and increase to about 7 or 10 rows towards the base of 
the leaf. The poral axes vary greatly in direction, being oblique or hori- 
zontal to vertical. 
Although there are only two recent species of the genus, it was represented 
by numerous fossil species in Tertiary times, both on the Continent of Europe 
and in America. These species were based largely on foliage impressions, 
and probably a large proportion were inaccurately named. One anatomically 
known species from this country, Sequoia giganteoides, Stopes, occurs in 
Southern England in Lower Greensand rocks (Stopes, 1915). ‘Thus the 
Sequoias have a long fossil history. Sequoia Tournalii is an older fossil than 
Sequoia Couttsieæ, and there are therefore now three Sequoias from British 
rocks which are anatomically known, the cuticular structure of Sequoia 
Tournalii being here described for the first time. The systematic position of 
Sequoia Tournalii is, however, not nearly so well established as that of Sequoia 
Couttsiew, and while its external characters are in close agreement with those 
of Sequoia sempervirens, it must be borne in mind that the external characters 
of many living genera are very confusing and difficult to sort out. The 
cuticle of this fossil form seems to conform to the gymnospermous plan, but 
its points of contact with undoubted Sequoias are not very numerous, and 
whether it is a Sequoia must be considered not proven until specimens with 
cones are definitely identified. 
The following table gives comparative measurements of the known Sequoias 
with S. Tournalii and Araucarites Gópperti. 
Sequoia Sequoia Sequoia Sequoia ‘Araucarites | 
gigantea. Coutistee. | sempervirens. | Tournalu,. Göpperti. — | 
Length 5 mm. 4 mm. 1:8 em. | 1:6 em. 6-10 mm. | 
Leaf. | 
Width 1 mm. 6 mm. 2 mm. | 225 mm. 2 mm 
Cuticle :— 
Stomata. | 
Banded arrange- |Irregularly Banded arrange- Banded arrange- Banded arrange- 
ment. Oceuron | bandedarrange- ment. Mainly, mentnotclearly ment well 
both surfaces. ment. Occur on) on under sur- defined.  Sto-| marked. Sto- 
both surfaces. | face. mata appear to, matal bands 
| occur on both) occur on both 
| | surfaces. surfaces. 
