DISTRIBUTION OF FESTUCA RUBRA IN BRITAIN. 315 
F. RUBRA (Linn.) sens. ampliss. (Hack. 1882, p. 128). 
(See also Aschers. & Graeb. 1900, p. 496.) 
Plant with its branches either mostly intravaginal, or some or all extra- 
vaginal, the latter either directly ascending, or elongated and more or less 
creeping ; turf thus either compact or loose. Sheaths of radical leaves entire ; 
ligules glabrous ; those of the radical leaves without auriculate margin, those 
of the cauline leaves unequally biauriculate or sometimes uniauriculate. 
Key to Species. 
A. Ovary hispidulous, branches mostly intravaginal... .......... heterophylla, 
B. Ovary glabrous. 
a. Intravaginal branches at least as many as extravaginal ; 
leaves with blunt apex, 3-5-7~many-costate, each ridge 
with a corresponding isolated strand of sclerenchyma 
below lower epidermis ........,, ............... ees rubra. 
b. Branches all or mostly extravaginal ; leaves with acute apex, 
5-many-costate, sclerenchyma in a continuous layer below 
lower epidermis ,,........., ............. rennen Juneifolia. 
Sp. I. F. HETEROPHYLLA. (See Hack. 1882, p. 130.) (Pl. 27.) 
F. heterophylla Lam. 1778, p. 600. 
" Koch, 1837, p. 813; 1844, p. 939 ; 1857, p. 705; 
1907, p. 2713. 
Nym. 1878-82, p. 827 ; 1889, p. 338. 
" Richt. 1890, p. 98. 
Aschers. & Graeb. 1900, p. 494. 
7? 
Plant densely eæspitose, branches mostly intravaginal, not creeping. 
Culm 4-9 dm. high; slender, weak, smooth. Radical leaves with 
entire trigonous sheath, and long, tightly complicate, entire, trigonous 
lamina, 0°4-0°6 mm. diameter, 3(-5) vascular bundles, each with corre- 
sponding subepidermal sclerenchymatous strand ; 1-3(-5)-costate, motor 
cells absent (Pl. 26. fig. 1). Cauline leaves linear, 2-3 mm. broad, 7-11- 
nerved, (5-)7-costate, motor cells present. Ligules glabrous. Panicle 
6-16 em. long, lax, nodding, open at anthesis, basal branches 2-3, rhachi 
scabrous (fig. 1). Spikelets linear-oblong, 8-10 mm. long, 3-9-flowered, 
bright green. Sterile glumes subulate-lanceolate ; fertile linear-lanceolate ; 
5-6:5 mm. long, somewhat rough on the back; awn half as long as the glume 
or longer, often somewhat wavy on the upper flowers. Ovary somewhat 
hairy above. 
Var. typica (Hack.) has been found in England in a restricted area along 
the Thames valley represented by v.c’s. 7, 12, 17, 22, 23. The earliest 
records are v.c’s. 17 and 23 dated 1889. The grass is generally regarded as 
having been introduced, and its restriction to a small area as above suggests 
2A?2 
