DISTRIBUTION OF FESTUCA RUBRA LN BRITAIN. 917 
4. Foliage glaucescent; glumes with * bloom," glabrous or 
shortly hairy..........,...................,,...... glaucescens. 
e. Glumes covered with hairs ............................ dumetorum. 
2. Stolons extensively creeping. 
i. Spikelets glabrous, 
f. Leaves all alike, flat ...,... ..............,..,........ planifolia. 
y. Radical leaves narrow, keeled: culm ones flat ,..,...,.... JjJuncea. 
ii. Spikelets hairy .........................,.............. arenaria. 
(a) VULGARIS. 
Subvar. æ. vulgaris Hack. 1882, p. 139. 
P. rubra, vulgaris Gaud. 1824, p. 285. 
» » Aschers. &. Graeb. 1900, p. 497, 
» type, Richt. Pl. Europ. p. 99. 
» subsp. duriuscula Syme, 1872, p. 145 (includes also var. e, and 
probably also b, c, d. and subsp. falla.c). 
Plant usually tall, with dark green foliage. Radical leaves setaceous, 
0:5-0'6-1:0 mm. diam. (Pl. 26. fig. 4a). Panicle compact to loose; 
-18 cm. long. Spikelets 5-8-10 mm. long, bearing 3-7 flowers, lanceo- 
late to broadly so, green or greyish-green, or feebly reddish-violet. 
Glumes smooth or may be rough about the tip and along the margins, 
averaging about à mm. long excluding awn, awn to 2 mm. long. 
Distributed over the whole of Britain ; actual records from v.e’s. 1, 4, 5, 6, 
8-12, 15-20, 23-27, 29, 31, 32, 36, 40-43, 53, 55, 57-62, 65, 69. Its 
cæspitoseness varies according to the dryness of the situation and the nature 
of the soil. 
Two forms, only probably habitat-forms, are :— 
pascua Anderss. 1852, p. 20. Leaves shorter, panicle somewhat compact, 
spikelets mostly coloured greyish-violet. General habit low. Dry, exposed 
meadows etc. 
nemoralis Anderss. l.c. p. 21. Leaves longer, panicle loose, spikelets 
green. General habit taller. Woods and sheltered situations. 
(b) GRANDIFLORA. 
Subvar. 8. grandiflora Hack. 1882, p. 139. 
F. rubra b. macrantha Richt. Pl. Furop. p. 99. 
»  , megastachys Aschers. & Graeb. 1900, p. 498. 
Radical leaves larger (0:8-1:0 mm. or more diam.) (Pl. 26. fig. 4b) ; sheath 
somewhat hairy; panicle 10-18 cm. long, erect and open; spikelets 
10-13 mm. long, 5-8 flowers ; glumes smooth, green or greyish-green, more 
than 6:0 mm. long, awns up to 3:0 mm. long. 
Recorded from v.c’s. 4, 9, 11, 12, 14, 17, 19, 20, 21, 41, 54, 58, 59, 62, 
69. A useful pasture grass on fairly well-drained soils, preferably, so far as 
one's experience goes, having a lime content. 
Hackel has a form /itoralis, named from specimens found on the salt- 
marsh at Wells, Norfolk, v.c. 28, by F. Long, with longer stolons and a low 
