318 MR. W. O. HOWARTH ON THE OCCURRENCE AND 
habit, short compact panicles 2-4 em. long, occurring only on the sea-coast 
in England (Pl. 26. fig. 45’). This appears to be merely a habitat-form. 
Dwarfing may be just the result of xerophytie conditions prevailing on the 
coasts ; such conditions also usually result in greater cæspitoseness (except 
in sand where it is the contrary), and a lighter green foliage approaching to 
glaucescence. Longer stolons, on the other hand, would bring it near to 
Juncea, also a coastal plant. Forms which might be taken as litoralis occur 
also in v.e’s. 14, 59, 60, 62, 69, but these cannot be 
of certainty. 
given with any degree 
(e) TENUIFOLIA, mihi (1919, p. 267). 
As vulgaris but radical leaves dark glaucous-green, 0'6-0'8 mm. diam. 
(Pl. 26. fig. 4c) ; sheath slightly rough ; panicle compact, open at anthesis, 
6-9 cm. long; spikelets large, green, smooth, -12 mm. long, -8 flowers ; 
glumes 6 mm. or more long, mucronate to aristate. 
Appears to be confined to the Severn Estuary, where it forms a compact 
turf, much sought after, on the salt-marshes and older pebble ridges, and is 
periodically submerged by the highest tides. V.e’s. 34, 35, 41. 
(d) GLAUCESCENS. 
F. glaucescens Hegets. & Heer, 1840, p. 93. 
F. rubra, genuina, subvar. y. glaucescens Hack. 1882, p. 139. 
» var. glaucescens Nym. Consp. p. 827. 
» y » Richt. Pl. Europ. p. 99. 
» » » Aschers. & Graeb. 1900, p. 498. 
Radical leaves glaucescent (sea-green), 0:5—0*8 mm. diam. (Pl. 26. fig. 4 d). 
Panicle 2:5-7:0 cm. long, compact, open at anthesis ; spikelets 60—14:0 mm. 
long, 4-7 flowers ; glumes usually of the grandiflora type, smooth or rough 
and always pruinous, glaucescent or rubro-violaceous, 
The form originally described by Hegetschweiler and Heer has spikelets 
shortly hairy, hence this must be the true glaucescens, and the Monmouthshire 
forms (How. 1919, p. 268) agree. The smooth, glaucescent forms included 
here really belong to Hackel’s F. rubra, genuina, pruinosa (6 a. p. 119), but 
the present author cannot see any very real difference between the two forms 
in herbarium material except that of the smoothness or roughness of the 
glumes above mentioned. According to Hackel it comes nearest to juncea, 
differing from this in its glaucous leaves, but in specimens examined there is 
no sign of the long stolons characteristic of juncea, It occurs in v.c's. 3, 
6,11. True glaucescens is found in v.c's. 1, 2, 3, 9, 11, 15, 34, 35, 58, 59, 
60, 61, 62, 69, 70. 
(e) DUMETORUM. 
F. dumetorum Linn. 1762, p. 109. 
F. duriuscula, dumetorum Host, 1797. p. 52. 
» - Hudson, 1798, p. 44. 
