432 MISS H. BANDULSKA ON THE CUTICLES OF 
Upper Epidermis. —\Whereas the lower epidermis is characterized by the 
extreme sinuation of its cell walls, those.of the upper epidermis are practically 
straight and are also extremely thick, Hairs of the bulbous 2-celled type 
occur here and there on the venules, which are not clearly defined. 
Normoraaus Cunnincuami Oerst. Lower Epidermis (Pl. 89. figs. 16, 17). 
The hairless cuticle is tough and composed of regular thick-walled sinuate 
parenchyma and very numerous stomata, not sharply grouped. The guard 
cells have strongly thickened cuticular rims and thickened junctions forming 
the characteristic ** T" piece, but the vertical limb of the “T” is frequently 
double. Four to six cells surround the stomata, but show no special differ- 
entiation or grouping. The guard cells measure on the average ‘026 mm. 
by ‘022 mm. No meshwork of venules crosses the epidermis, 
Upper Epidermis.—Regular small cells very slightly or not at all sinuate 
form the cuticle of the upper surface. There are a few tubular thick-walled 
pointed hairs arising from deeply-staining spherical hases among these cells. 
The whole hair is two-celled, the terminal cell having a very narrow cavity 
and resembling a typical sclerenchymatous cell. Precisely the same kind of 
hair, but in far greater abundance, is seen on the upper surface of the cuticle 
of the leaf of V. obliqua. Nothofagus Cunninghami can be distinguished from 
N. Menziesii by its scattered stomata, which in N. Alenziesii are definitely 
grouped. ‘The stomata of the latter species are isodiametrie ; those of the 
former are longer than they are broad. N. Cunningham? bears more hairs 
on its upper surface than N. Mensiesii. 
Nornoracus Brari Cockayne. Lower Epidermis (Pl. 89. figs. 18, 19). 
Very hairy with numerous delicate stomata and regular straight, thin-walled 
parenchyma. The guard cells have strongly-thickened poral rims but neither 
thickened junctions nor * T” piece, and are surrounded by undifferentiated 
parenchyma. The average diameters of the guard cells are ‘025 mm. by 
‘023mm. The hairs are of the typical two-celled form—a deeply-staining 
bulbous basal cell surmounted by a long-pointed thick-walled terminal cell. 
Upper Epidermis.—The thick-walled parenchyma is crossed by a few thick- 
walled, narrow, ill-differentiated venules 4-5 cells wide. No obvions hairs 
are present, but a few collar-like hair-bases occur. 
Summary of the General Characters of Nothofagus Cuticles. 
Species of .Vothofagus are characterized by the presence of praetically 
isodiametrie stomata in definite groups. The individual stomata are variable 
in size with strongly-cutieularized poral rims, accompanied frequently by 
cuticular thickenings at the junctions of the guard cells, and by a horizontal 
strip of cutin at the poles of their long axes so that a “ dagger "-like 
appearance is presented. The completeness of the cutinization seems to vary 
inversely with the hairiness, The average diameters of these cells are in 
