482 MR. G, ERDTMAN : STUDIES IN THE 
Sample 3 (235 em.) : 1 Betula, 1 Ilex. 
Sample 4 (388 em.) : 1 Betula. 
Sample 5 (335 em.) : 1 Beiula, 44 Pinus, 1 Quercus; 14 “ Salix.” 
Sample 6 (385 em.) : 5 Alnus, 16 Betula, 4 Pinus, 1 Quercus (?) ; 6 * Salix’ 
Peat Moss No. 26. 
Between Finstown and Loch Harray a boring was made in a shallow 
peat deposit 10 m. N. of the Finstown-Stromness Road and 200 m. W. of 
the Birsay Road. Altitude above sea-level about 37 m. This moss is only 
mentioned because of the occurrence of pine-pollen in the underlying clay 
(perhaps a clay-gyttja). The sequence has a thickness of 93 cm., resembles 
a sort of dy, and contains remains of Carex and Æquisetum. The latter also 
occurs in the underlying grey, sandy clay. In the sample from 30 cm. 
beneath the surface 4 pollen-grains of birch and 1 of oak were counted ; 
75 em. below the surface, 2 Betula, 1 Pinus ; 48 “ Salix.” In the clayey 
deposit, 96 em. below the surface, 2 pine-pollen grains were seen. 
Prat Moss No. 27. 
A rather large peat moss with a level surface, situated about 70 m. above 
sea-level, to the N. of Stromness, about 200 or 300 m. to the S. of the 
most western part of the two very small lochs which lie to the W. and 
S.W. of Cairston. Peat has been cut in the past, and still is much cut, for 
fuel. The result is that parts of the moss are filled with water, near which 
the following species are seen :— 
Cardamine pratensis. Myriophyllum alterniflorum. 
Epilobium palustre. Nardus stricta. 
Equisetum limosum. Orchis latifolia. 
Galium saxatile. Parnassia palustris. 
Glyceria fluitans. Pedicularis silvatica. 
Hippuris vulgaris. Potamogeton polygonifolius. 
Hydrocotyle vulgaris. " pusillus. 
Hypericum pulehrum. Senecio Jacobaa, 
Hypochwris radicata. Triglochin palustre. 
Lychnis Flos-euculi. 
Sequence of strata :— 
A. 110 cm. Dy. 
B. 38 cm. Gyttja, the base of which is most typical; green. 
5. 12 cm. Lime gyttja, greyish white. 
D. 11cm. Do., clay-gyttja-like, blue-grey ; with shells of snails. 
E. 14 cm. + sand; 
A sample from 40 em. below the surface showed: 3 alder, 16 birch, 
1 hornbeam (?), 3 oak, 43 pine, and 2 hazel pollen-grains ; a sample from 
85 cm. below the surface, 2 alder, 4 pine, 1 hazel pollen-grains, and 
