WOOD ОЕ HIMALAYAN JUNIPERS. 9 
They attain a length of 230 u and a width of 26 ш radially, with local 
thickenings on the end-walls, and bordered pits with lens-shaped openings 
on the radial and tangential walls (fig. 22). Occasional simple pits occur 
on the radial walls. 
JUNIPERUS MACROPODA, Boiss. 
Macroscopic (naked eye). 
The wood of my specimen had quite a reddish tint, with 41-42 growth- 
rings per inch of radius and medullary rays just visible to the naked eye. 
Microscopic (tracheids). 
Transverse sections show an average of 44 tracheids per radial row in each 
growth-ring, of which only 2-6 belong to the summer wood and the rest to 
the spring. On the whole the tracheids seem more loosely attached to each 
other in this species than in the other three, and show a length of 1-3 mm. 
with a width of lumen and thickness of wall as follows :— 
Width of lumen. Thickness of wall. 
Radial. Tangential. Radial. ‘Tangential. 
Spring wood ......... 27 p 18 р 1-9 u 1-9 р 
Summer wood ...... X8 157 p 3:8 ш 5:8 ш 
The tracheids run fairly straight with the ends bluntly rounded off, except 
where they end against a medullary ray, when they are flattened or run 
along the ray. The bordered pits on the radial walls are in a single row and 
very numerous, touching each other in the early spring wood but further 
apart toward the summer wood. In outline they are round to elliptical, with 
orifices round in the early spring wood, but more lens-shaped in the late 
spring and summer tracheids (fig. 23). The pits on the tangential walls of 
the latter possess lens-shaped orifices (fig. 24). 
Sanio's bars and rims can be demonstrated. 
Medullary Rays. 
The rays are not so numerous as in the other species, and there is much 
variability in height : rays 1-2 cells high are numerous, but some are 18 cells 
high as seen tangentially. They occur at a distance of 1-12 tracheids away 
from each other, with the cells round in the middle of the ray and oblong 
above and below (fig. 25). They are made up of thick-walled parenchyma, 
with simple pits on the upper and lower walls and 1-4 bordered pits per 
wood-tracheid on the lateral walls. The latter are round with openings 
never extending beyond the border (fig. 26). The rays are resinous, 
