МВ. We WEST: ECOLOGICAL NOTES. 63 
Scattered among the Ashes and Oaks (see р. 62) smaller quantities of 
Leptogium Buraesii, Graphis scripta, and Cladonia pyxidata occurred. 
The average approximate percentages of the most frequent of the above 
epiphytes were :—/sothecium myosuroides, 28 on Ash, 20 on Oak, 25 on both ; 
Stereodon cupressiformis, 17 on Ash, 34 on Oak, 244 on both; Frullania 
dilatata, 4 on Ash, 8 on Oak, 6 on both ; /icasolia letevirens, 7 on Ash, 4 on 
both. The large subhorizontal branches of the larger Oaks were almost 
completely covered with a mixed association of Parmelia saxatilis, P. fuli- 
ginosa var. letevirens, P. perlata, Platysma glaucum, Usnea ceratina, Lecidea 
parasema, Ramalina fastigiata, Frullania dilatata, Weissia ulophylla, and a 
little Neckera pumila (on the underside). The branches of the younger Oaks 
were more than half covered with an association of Platysma glaucum, 
Usnea ceratina, and Stereodon cupressiformis chiefly. 
The undergrowth of the stony soil here consisted of scattered patches of 
Pteris, Blechnum, Stereodon cupressiformis, Mnium hornum, M. undulatum, 
Plagiochila spinulosa, &c. 
On some Sycamores about 60 centimetres in diameter, Neckera complanata 
was the chief plant bearing sporophytes. Lobaria pulmonaria, Ricasolia 
letevirens, and Metzgeria furctata were scattered in fair quantity, Ricasolia 
amplissima occurred more sparingly here and there, while /sothecium 
myosuroides usually surrounded the base. Other Sycamores in another part 
bore :—Zsothecium mysosuroides (65), Stereodon cupressiformis (20), Metzgeria 
furcata (5), Thelotrema lepadinum (2), and sub-bareness the rest. Another 
place gave :—Lobaria pulmonaria (50), Lobarina scrobiculata (10), Frullania 
Tamarisci (8), Metzgeria furcata (2), Pertusaria communis (2), Stereodon 
cupressiformis (5), Zsothecium myosuroides about the base up to 70 centimetres, 
the rest sub-bareness. Some younger Sycamores about 35 to 40 centi- 
metres in diameter had :— Lobaria pulmonaria (10), Metzgeria furcata well 
mixed with Neckera complanata (20), Frullania dilatata. (3), Pertusaria 
communis (2), Isothecium myosuroides, chiefly in lower part (40), the rest 
sub-bareness. 
Some large and rather exposed Pines had about their base:  Stereodon 
cupressiformis, and scattered in crevices much Cladonia digitata, with a 
bright. yellow barren Calicium (probably hyperellum) scattered profusely over 
the bark. 
Some Rowans bore Stereodon cupressiformis (70), Isothecium myosuroides 
for 30 centimetres about the base, the rest sub-bareness. 
Some Hollies near had very little moss, Stereodon cupressiformis (3), 
Thelotrema lepadinum (20), Graphis scripta (5), the rest bareness. 
Some Birches, high up in the wood, often subject to driving mists and 
rains from moorland, varied considerably in their epiphytes ; the following 
represent averages of three lots:—A. Lecanora tartarea (30), Parmelia 
