MR. W. WEST : ECOLOGICAL. NOTES. 65 
levigata (10), the rest was a scattered formation of the following, chiefly : 
Dicranum scoparium, Stereodon cupressiformis, Scapania gracilis, Usnea 
ceratina, Platysma glaucum, and Cladonia fimbriata, with Hylocomium 
parietinum and H. proliferum all about the basal part. B. Parmelia saxatilis 
(50), Stereodon cupressiformis (10), Usnea (about 2 or 3), the rest sub-bareness. 
C. Almost covered with a mixed formation, the first few named being the 
most abundant: Dicranum scoparium, Stereodon cupressiformis, Parmelia 
perlata, P. saxatilis var. furfuracea, Platysma glaucum, Frullania dilatata, 
Usnea ceratina, and Cladonia pyvidata, with Mnium hornum creeping from 
the ground for about 30 centimetres about the base. 
Near St. Catherines, opposite Inverary (see p. 64). 
No statistics of rainfall were obtainable from here, but it is probably 
about the same as that of Inverary. 
In smaller quantity on the trees mentioned in the table were Ramalina 
fastigiata, R. farinacea, Evernia Prunastri, Lecidea parasema, Usnea ceratina, 
Lecanora subfusca, Pertusaria leioplaca, and Zsothecium myosuroides about 
the base of some for about 40 centimetres. 
The greatest luxuriance was shown on that side exposed towards Loch 
Fyne. The average approximate percentages of the most frequent of the 
above epiphytes were :—34 of Parmelia saxatilis on all, 43 on Sycamore, 
18 on Oak ; 115 of Stereodon cupressiforme on all, 44 of Parmelia fuliginosa 
var. lætevirens on all. 
Some young Beeches showed considerable bareness, mosses were quite 
absent, the lichens present were the common species of Lecidea, Lecanora, 
and Verrucaria. A number of young Pines about 30 centimetres in diameter 
were nearly bare, except for a little Stereodon cupressiformis near the base 
and scattered plants of Parmelia saxatilis and P. physodes up to about 
24 metres from the base, on some the P. saxatilis was quite absent. Stumps 
of felled trees were mostly covered with Zsothecium myosuroides. 
Some Alders had Parmelia fuliginosa var. letevirens (about 5) with a few 
scattered patches of Weissia ulophylla and the commoner crustaceous lichens. 
Some Elms showed variability in their epiphytes, one lot averaged :— 
‚ Stereodon cupressiformis (30), Parmelia perlata (10), P. saxatilis (5), Weissia 
ulophylla (4), Orthotrichum Lyellii (4), and a little Stictina fuliginosa. 
Another lot showed :—Parmelia sawatilis (20), P. perlata (10), Frullania 
dilatata (10), Stereodon cupressiformis, near the base (3), Pertusaria globulifera 
(5), with a little Camptothecium sericeum and Orthotrichum spp. 
