68 MR. W. WEST : ECOLOGICAL NOTES. 
Near Lamlash, Isle of Arran (see p. 66). 
The average approximate percentages of the most frequent of the epi- 
phytes given оп р. 66 were :—Stereodon cupressiformis, 19 on Sycamore, 
11 on Ash, 15 on all the species of trees. Frullania dilatata, 8 on Sycamore, 
13 on Ash, 94 on all. 
Epiphytes in smaller quantities were scattered on the above trees, as :— 
Cladonia pyxidata, Graphis scripta, Evernia Prunastri, Acrocardia gemmata, 
Ramalina farinacea, Opegrapha atra. var. denigrata, Calicium (barren), and 
Camptothecium sericeum. 
Some other Sycamores bore only Parmelia saxatilis and P. fuliginosa var. 
letevirens worth noting (10 to 15), the rest was sub-bare. Others bore a 
mixed association of Pertusaria faginea, Opegrapha vulgata, Radula com- 
planata, Weissia phyllantha, and Bryum сарШате (abundantly). 
Some Ashes about 60 centimetres in diameter, growing in shade, had 
about 5 to 8 per cent. of Collema nigrescens, with a few crustaceous lichens 
and practically no bryophytes. Opegrapha atra var. arthonoidea occurred 
on Rowans. 
Sets of Aldersin Monamore Glen, near Lamlash (see p. 67). 
Small quantities of the following also occurred on these :— Usnea ceratina, 
Lecidea parasema, Lecanora parella, Calicium (imperfect), Cladonia macilenta, 
and Zygodon conoideus. 
The average approximate percentages of the three chief epiphytes on 
above were :—Stereodon cupressiformis 29, Parmelia sawatilis 23, P. fuliginosa 
var. letevirens 174. 
Some other Alders in shade bore a fair amount of Cladonia macilenta, a 
little C. cespiticia, together with Leproloma lanuginosum, and large tufts of 
Dicranum scoparium ; and others whose trunks were much inclined had а 
good clothing of Polytrichum formosum and Polypodium vulgare. Some of 
these old Alders often had three or four branches from one to two metres 
from the ground, varying from 30 to 40 centimetres in diameter. 
The undergrowth (in August) in this Alder wood was a scattered 
association, varying much with extra wet or drier conditions. In the former 
places, Juncus acutiflorus was abundant with Spiræa, Ulmaria, and байа 
aurita ; in the latter places Pteris was abundant here and there; the other chief 
plants, under varying conditions, were Blechnum Spicant, Rubus saxatilis, 
Lastrea Oreopteris, Athyrium Filix-fœmina, Carduus palustris, Prunella 
vulgaris, Mnium hornum, and Stereodon cupressiformis, with Pellia epiphylla 
and Amblystegium filicinum about the tiny rills. Among the above smaller 
quantities of the following occurred :— Оха, Ranunculus acris, R. repens, 
Anthoxanthum, and Potentilla erecta. 
