120 MESSRS, J. A, WHELDON AND W. G. TRAVIS ON 
CLADONIA FIMBRIATA, Fr. On banks and on the ground. Not uncommon, 
and abundant on some parts of the sand-dunes. Sterile. 
Var. conisTA, Nyl. Dunes at Freshfield and near West End Farm, 
Ainsdale, Aug. 1914. 
The f. gxiGUA, Cromb., on sandstone rocks, Knots Hole, Dingle 
Point. Frequent on dead and decaying stools of Marram grass on 
dunes from Formby to Birkdale. 
Var. TUBÆFORMIS, Fr. Netherton; Fazackerley, 1898, and rail-banks 
near Kirkby, Feb. 1904. 
CLADONIA FIBULA, Nyl., var. RADIATA, Nyl. ex Cromb. 
Sand-dunes, Hightown, 1906. 
CLADONIA CERVICORNIS, Schaer. On peaty ground in the hills. Rare, and 
often in a depauperate condition in the smokier districts. Sterile. 
Blacko-Foot, near Roughlee, 1909, M. Robinson! ; on bare peat on 
the moor, Blackstone Edge, May 1912 ; Noyna, near Colne. 
CLADONIA FURCATA, Нойт. On peaty soil, and also dry, mossy, sandy 
ground. Frequent in the hilly districts, and also on the sand-dunes. 
Fruit not seen. 
Var. spinosa, Hook. Sandhills, Hall Road, Hightown, Formby, and 
other places. 
CLADONIA PUNGENS, Floerke. Not uncommon on dry mossy ground on the 
sandhills. Sterile. 
Golf Links, Hall Road, 1893; Hightown, 1897 ; Ainsdale, 1898 and 
1914; Formby, 1907; Freshfield, April 1914; f. /oliosa, Floerke, on 
dunes near West End Farm, near Ainsdale. 
ILADONIA SQUAMOSA, Hoffm. Rare, or perhaps overlooked. Sterile. 
At the base of a wall, Downham road, Blacko, Sept. 1909, И. Robin- 
son! The f. turfacea, Rehm, on the sandhills, Formby, April 1907, 
spec. named by H. Sandstede ; also on railway-banks, Walton, Liverpool, 
and sand-dunes near Ainsdale, amongst Dicranum scoparium var. ortho- 
phyllum. 
CLADONIA CÆSPITITIA, Floerke. On heathy ground, in the crevices of mossy 
walls, and on dry banks in the sand-dunes. Not common. 
Freshfield ; old delph at Kirkby, 1907; Boulsworth Moor, Sept. 
1910, A. Wilson; old walls, Little Crosby ; roadside walls between 
Aintree and Maghull, Oct. 1910; Formby sandhills, с. frt., Feb. 1912 ; 
crevices of mossy limestone walls, Chatburn, March 1913, 
