FROM THE FALKLAND ISLANDS. 143 
practically a vast submerged bed of Mytilus magellanicus, in which a small 
quantity of M. edulis is mixed ; seaweeds, red and brown, are fairly common 
on the rocks and also in the tidal pools. 
“ Port Egmont.—A large natural harbour open to the north with good 
anchorage, and the original British settlement of the island. Unfortunately 
no dredging could be done here, but various seaweeds were gathered along 
the southern shore between tide-marks.  Reef-channel is a very dangerous 
winding passage leading from the south side into Byron Sound. The tide 
here runs at 8-10 miles an hour, and seaweeds abound on the rocks and 
also in the pools throughout its whole length. Rocks, large and small, are 
scattered along the shores, and these, while being large enough to withstand 
the rushing waters, are easily turned over by the hand : hence the locality is 
an ideal collecting-ground for the botanist and zooologist.” 
3. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. 
In working out the present material it is a pleasure to acknowledge the 
help received from botanists of the British Museum, from Miss A. Lorrain 
Smith for assistance with several lichens, and from Mr. A. Gepp in con- 
nection with Antarctic alge, with which he and Mrs. Gepp have been so 
much associated. My thanks are also due to Dr. О. V. Darbishire and to 
Mr. W. B. Grove for help with Antarctic lichens and Uredinez respectively, 
and also to Madame Weber-van Bosse for kindly lending some ty pe-specimens 
of algæ from Kützing's herbarium now in her possession. 
Finally, the valuable work of Madame Paul Lemoine, D.Sc., must be 
gratefully acknowledged. Few marine algz have been so much confused and 
neglected as the Lithothamniz and the Melobesiæ, and the value of expert 
knowledge in this group is specially necessary. Madame Lemoine had 
lately been engaged in a revision of all the Antarctic species, and she kindly 
consented to examine Mrs. Vallentin’s specimens and compare them with 
authentie material. Her report, which includes interesting notes, is published 
as received, at the end of the section on algæ. 
I. ТНЕ CRYPTOGAMIC FLORA. 
1. HisronicAL RÉSUMÉ or Previous Work. 
The following sketch deals with all the previous collections of cellular 
eryptogams made in the Falkland Islands, and, in addition, the results of 
the most important expeditions to Fuegia and the adjoining mainland are 
alluded to. 
The early botanical exploration of these regions was carried out almost 
exclusively by the French, the flowering plants naturally receiving foremost 
attention. The first reference to the cryptogamic vegetation of the Falkland 
Islands is by Pernety who accompanied Bougainville, the famous French 
