FROM THE FALKLAND ISLANDS. 145 
including alge and lichens, but the Falkland group was not visited (see 
Montagne, 742-5). 
In a revision by Crié of the plants obtained by these earlier collectors a 
few epiphytic fungi are recorded (778). 
The ‘ Beagle’ visited the Falklands in 1833 and 1834. The collections 
made by Captain King, and later by Darwin, included several lichens and 
alge. These were dealt with by Hooker in the great work mentioned in the 
following paragraph, and the plants are mostly at Kew. Ап excellent 
account and historical sketch of our islands is given by Fitzroy in his 
narrative of the second ‘ Beagle? voyage (see King, 39). 
With 1842 we come to the visit of the ‘ Erebus’ and ‘ Terror. Sir Joseph 
Hooker writes in the introduction to the * Flora Antarctica’ :—‘ A prolonged 
stay in the Falkland Islands, though the season was winter (April to the 
beginning of September), afforded opportunity for thoroughly investigating 
the flora of that interesting and now highly important group, which, though 
it had been partially examined by Admiral d’Urville and previously by the 
officers of that unfortunate ship the * Uranie? under command of Captain 
Freycinet, still afforded considerable novelty” (Part I., p. ix). And later 
be states :—“ During which year (1842) almost all the previously known 
species were gathered, with numerous others, specially Cryptogamia, by 
myself and Dr. Lyall, whose beautiful collections of the interesting algæ of 
this group of itself forms an important addition to antarctic Botany” 
(р. 215). He also acknowledged algal accessions to his herbarium from 
Captain Sulivan, Mr. Wright, and Mr. Chartres, surgeon H.M.S. * Philomel.’ 
The results of Hooker's explorations are published in full and summarised 
in the ‘Flora Antarctica,’ Part IL, though this was preceded by several 
preliminary papers. With regard to cellular plants, the algæ are dealt with 
by Hooker and Harvey, the lichens by Hooker, and fungi by Berkeley. The 
pages of that work testify to the care bestowed upon the collections, and the 
thoroughness of the collecting is proved by the comparatively few additions, 
except in the case of small and microscopic species, since made to the flora. 
With reference to the changes which it has been necessary to make in 
nomenclature, most of these are due to different conceptions which obtain 
to-day with regard to genera. A more exact knowledge of species also has 
rendered imperative a critical revision of all the older extra-European 
records, but in the case of the algæ, at all events, changes due to this cause 
are not numerous in the Magellan region. 
Between Hooker's time and the French Expedition to Cape Horn in 1882, 
little additional knowledge of the cryptogamic botany of our area was 
obtained. The Falkland Islands material distributed in Hohenacker's well- 
known exsiecatæ was obtained by Lechler, who visited these islands as well 
as the Magellan Straits in 1850 and 1852. Both alge and lichens are repre- 
sented. The British Museum herbarium possesses a collection of marine 
