FROM THE FALKLAND ISLANDS. 147 
A few lichens were received at Kew a short time previously to this from 
Mr. A. Linney, gardener at Government House, Port Stanley, and also from 
Miss Firmin from the Western Islands. Mr. A. W. Hill touched at the 
Falklands on his return voyage from the West Coast of South America in 
1902, and amongst other plants collected were u few alge and two specimens 
of Uredineæ. 
Of the numerous recent Antarctic expeditions, the collections of which have 
been worked out, only one is directly concerned with the Falklands, namely 
the Swedish Polar Expedition of 1901-3. Magellan plants were, however, 
collected by the first Swedish Expedition (1895-97) and also by the Belgian 
Expedition (‘ Belgica, 1895-97), whilst the South Orkneys and Gough 
Island were explored by the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition 
(Scotia, 1902-4). Both the French expeditions, the * Francaise? (1903-5) 
and the * Pourquoi Pas? (1908-10), confined their collecting almost entirely 
to the Graham Land region, and the German South Polar Expedition of 
1901-3 (* Gauss’) visited Kaiser Wilhelm’s Land ; whilst the three English 
expeditions, the ‘Southern Cross? (1895-1900), the * Discovery ’ (1901-4), 
and the * Nimrod’ (1907-9), all proceeded wid New Zealand or Tasmania to 
Victoria Land. It should, however, be mentioned that as a result of the 
* Pourquoi Раз’ collections two valuable memoirs of wide scope have appeared. 
M. Gain, naturalist to the expedition, not only gives an account (12) of 
his own collections of marine algæ, but also valuable summaries of previous 
work in the Antarctic regions ; while Dr. M. Lemoine, who worked out the 
Lithothamnia, has provided what is practically a critical monograph (713) of 
all the antarctic Melobesieze. 
In the results of the second Swedish Expedition (1901-3), on the other 
hand, the Falkland Islands figure largely. This is greatly owing to the fact 
that much of the material from other localities was lost with the ill-fated 
* Antarctic. Dr. C. Skottsberg with his indefatigable zeal had amassed 
large quantities of plants from South Georgia, Falkland Islands, Fuegia, and 
Graham Land, including, he states, '* überraschende Dinge aus dem eisigen 
Meere." Three papers dealing with cellular eryptogams have been pub- 
lishel—namely, Skottsberg’s report on the Phæophyceæ (07), which 
includes besides the description of several novelties the results of his 
morphological and anatomical investigations, Darbishire’s account of the 
lichens (712), and Carlson’s paper on the fresh-water alge (12). Darbi- 
shire’s paper gives summaries and tables of antarctic and subantarctic 
lichens, and it has been of great service in working out Mrs. Vallentin’s 
! we have the 
collections. In Carlson’s * Siisswasseralgen aus der Antarktis 
first and only account for our archipelago of the alge in question. From 16 
the Falkland Island records have been picked out for the present paper, and 
they are given in a special list after the marine alge. 
Mrs. Vallentin’s collections were made subsequently to the Swedish 
Expedition, but, unlike that and all previous explorations, the collecting was 
