524 MR. JAMES SMALL ON THE 
SUMMARY. 
1. The vascular anatomy of the tubular florets of Senecio vulgaris, the 
ligulate florets of Taraxacum officinale, and the tubular and bilabiate florets 
of Calendula officinalis and Tussilago Farfara are described in detail. 
2. The vascular supply of the ray florets of the last species is discussed, 
and any suggestion of T. Farfara being a type intermediate between the 
Senecione and Cichorieæ is negatived. 
3. The conclusion is reached that the ligulate florets of the Cichorieæ have 
a comparatively constant type of vascular anatomy ; that the tubular disc- 
florets show a slightly greater variability, while the variation in the vascular 
anatomy of the bilabiate ray florets is so great that they ean be distinguished 
from the first two classes by the floral anatomy alone. 
BIBLIOGRAPHY, 
(1) ARBER, A.—On the Structure of the Andreecium in Parnassia. Annals 
of Botany, vol. xxvii., 1913. 
(2) Brown, R.—Some Observations on the Natural Family called 
Composite. Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xii., 1815. 
(3) Carus, G.—Anatomie du tissu conducteur. Ann. Sci. Nat, Bot. 
бе sér. t. vii., 1878. 
(4) Dox, D.—(«) On the Origin and Nature of the Ligulate Rays in 
Zinnia. Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xvi., 1829. 
(L) An Attempt at a New Classification of the Cichorieæ. 
Edin. New Phil. Journ. vol. vi., 1828. 
(5) GUEGUEN, M.—Anatomie comparée du tissu conducteur du style et du 
stigmate des Phanérogams. Paris, 1901. 
(6) GUIGNARD, L.-—Recherches sur le développement de la graine et en 
particulier du tégument seminal. Journ. de Botanique, t. уп, 
1893. 
(7) LavrALLE, P.—Recherches sur le développement de l'ovaire en fruit 
chez les Composées. Ann. Sei. Nat., Dot. 9 sér. t. xv., 1912. 
(8 Le Monnier, G.—Recherches sur la nervation de la graine. Ann. 
Sci. Nat., Bot. 5° sér. t. xvi., 1872. 
(9) Loose, R.—Die Bedeutung der Frucht und Samenschale der Com- 
positen. Inaugural-Dissertation, Berlin, 1891. 
(10) SMALL, J.—The Pollen-Presentation Mechanism in the Composit, 
Annals of Botany, vol. xxix., 1915. 
(11) —— Preliminary Observations on the Pollination Mechanism of 
Arctotis aspera, L. New Phytologist, vol. xiv., 1915. 
Notes on the Corolla in the Composite, New Phytologist, 
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(12) 
