OF MT. KINABALU AND BRITISH NORTH BORNEO. 29 
branches through the foliage. Gleichenia Norris ran up through the 
undergrowth for about 2 m., and in a more open space Pterisanthes cissoides 
spread over the ground. 
The undergrowth consisted towards the base of the spur of Polygonum 
chinense with great clumps of Alpinia lava, 3 m. in height, the fine Cyathea 
celebica, also common lower down, and the acaulescent Cibotium barometz, 
whose magnificent fronds, over 5 m. long, associated with those of Diplazium 
polypodioides, the latter measuring over 2 m. in length. 
Higher up the pretty pink Phyllagathis elliptica, Ophiopogon malayanus, 
Hedyotis pulchella var. magnistipula, the yellow Staurogyne axillaris, Elato- 
stema gurulauense, and, at the base of trees, Balanophora Lowti, with its 
quaint fawn-coloured cones, were common, as well as the orchids Goodyera 
kinabaluensis with its lovely pink-veined leaves and Evia eymbidijolia, an 
acaulescent, pink-flowered species. 
The typical Chetropleuria bicuspis occupied more open spaces with the 
spreading Lindsaya pectinata, in company with Lycopodium serratum, Tapei- 
nidium pinnatum, and Selaginella plumosa. A large patch of the giant moss 
Dawsonia altissima recalled D. superba of New Zealand and Australia, but 
was of more luxuriant appearance, with thinner and longer leaves. On the 
top of the spur, at about 5500", modified mossy forest prevailed. Moss had 
covered the trunks of the trees up to now, but here it also overran the 
prostrate logs which encumbered the ground and growing upon which Lopha- 
therium gracile, Carew filicina, and various orchids were conspicuous. 
From 4500' upwards, the small ferns, Cyclophorus adnascens, the tufted 
Polypodium cucullatum, the minute Hymenopyhllum aculeatum and Schisto- 
cheila Wallisii were epiphytic at the bases and on the trunks of trees, 
associated with the epiphytic orchids Trichoglottis kinabaluensis, Eria 
rubiginosa, Dendrobium villosulum, and Liparis disticha. 
c. Maraiparai Spur. 
When the rain began to abate a little, the Dahobang river, which had 
been in flood, was reported passable. As Kinabalu itself was still out of 
the question, we decided to spend a day or two on the Maraiparai spur, 
situated between the Dahobang and the Kinitaki rivers—beyond which 
are the Sadikan, a very small river, then the Melumban (Limbun), which 
joins the Kadamaian below Tambatuan, and the Penataran, a tributary of the 
Kadamaian, or Tampussuk. 
The path kept to about 3500’, crossing the Kiulan, Haia Haia, and 
Penokok rivers (all, including the above, flowing into the Tampussuk), and 
a succession of ridges over sticky clay, padi fields, stretches of “ Lalang,” 
fringing woods and recent jungle, to the Dahobang, where the bridge, 
