MOSSES OF NEW ZEALAND. 489 
the leaf form and structure in plants which are usually sterile, and even when 
in fruit do not exhibit any great diversity in form ; partly because of the 
difficulty of ascertaining exactly what was intended by some of the earlier 
described species. One of the earliest of these was Dicranum clavatum, В. Br. 
(in Schwaegr.) : and various plants have been so called and afterwards 
distinguished as new species, e. g., C. appressifolius, Mitt., and C. insititius, 
Hook. f. & Wils. Carl Müller, it may be mentioned, has also imported а con- 
siderable amount of unnecessary confusion, in his * Genera Muscorum Fron- 
dosorum,' into a group already puzzling. In his introductory notes on 
Cumpylopus he debates the advantages of two lines of classification of the 
species, finally deciding on the method of first splitting up the genus into two 
broad groups—l. Campylopodes pilifert ; Ш. C. depiles—remarking “da hier- 
durch sehürfere Grenzen sich ergeben.” | He then proceeds to include in the 
C. piliferi Camp. capillatus, Hook. f. & Wiis., which in Wilson's own Herbarium 
shows no trace whatever of hair-points either on the original or other specimens; 
and further, under the C. depiles, $ d, C. capitiflori, he includes C. clavatus, 
К. Br. (which, whatever else may be uncertain, has hair-pointed leaves), and 
C. insititius, Hook. Ё. & Wils., also a piliferous species, while for some reason or 
other C. «ppressifolius, Mitt., finds no place here, nor, so far as I сап discover, 
anywhere else. 
Schwaegrichen’s figure of К. Brown's D.clavatum shows a very widely-nerved 
leaf (the basal portion figured to a larger scale gives a different impression, 
but ought, perhaps, not to be relied on for this point), the nerve occupying at 
least two-thirds the width of the base. No alar cells are shown, but the enlarged 
figure 4 seems to indicate the possible presence of a small area of such cells 
before the removal of the leaf. А point, however, that appears to me of real 
importance is the character of the basal cells, which are carefully figured, and 
show a uniform reticulation of shortly-rectangular, jirm-walled cells occupying 
the whole width of the lamina to the Базе. This would seem to exelude definitely 
from the scope of C. clavatus all those plants with а supra-alar region of 
hyaline cells forming towards the margin a kind of border of extremely narrow 
elongate thin-walled cells reaching obliquely upwards and clearly differentiated 
from the upper areolation, such as is frequent enough in Campylopus and is 
always a feature of, e. g., C. introflexus, Brid. It is present in a specimen in 
the Brit. Mus. Herbarium, which, with a wide nerve—above half the width of 
leaf at least,—has the clavate habit of Brown's species, and is labelled 
* Dieranum claratum, R. Brown, in Schwaeg., King George's Sound, N.H., 
comm. Graham," in Herb. Shuttleworth, the name being written in Bruch’s 
hand. The upper cells in this specimen are finely but distinctly muriculate, 
and with the basal areolation preciude, I think, the correctness of the naming. 
Two other specimens from Hampe's Herbarium, * Austral. felix ins. al. : 
Dr. К. Müller," and * Austral. Felix," are somewhat clavate ш habit though 
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