238 MESSRS. T. A. SPRAGUE AND J. HUTCHINSON ON 
Volkens observed that the honey of macrophylla and tomentosa was 
assiduously collected by honey-suckers (Nectarinia) at Marangu, German 
East Africa, and states that the same is the case with all the other species of 
Triumfetta. 
The flowers of flavescens open about 3 o'clock in the afternoon, according 
to Schimper, and those of macrophylla towards evening, on the authority of 
Volkens. It is probable that the flowers of other species of Triumfetta open 
late in the day, as well-expanded flowers are comparatively rare in the her- 
barium material of a good many species. This might be due, however, to the 
specimens having been collected some time before being pressed. 
The method of distribution of the fruits appears to be characteristic of at 
least two of the sections. In the case of Lasiothrix there is no direct evidence 
as to the dispersal of the fruits, but taking into account the extreme lightness 
of the fruit, the reduction to a single seed, and the great development of weak 
plumose bristles, there can be little doubt that the fruits are distributed by 
the wind. 
As to Lappula, there is no doubt. Аз early as 1763, Jacquin records that 
the French people of Martinique called T. rhomboidea “ Cousin " because the 
fruits stuck to the clothes of pedestrians (Sel. Stirp. Аш. Hist. 147) ; and 
the fruits of numerous other species have also been observed to act as burs. 
The hooked prickles so frequently found in section Zappula seem to be 
exceedinely efficient, and those terminating in a straight spinule or a bunch 
of spinules much less so. 
As to Porpa, the great abundance and wide distribution of 7. procumbens 
seem to imply some highly efficient method of distribution, but as to what it 
is we are in doubt. According to Guppy (Plant Dispersal, 42) the fruits of 
procumbens possess little or no floating power. Не suggests that they might 
be transported in birds’ plumage. 
The sections may now be considered in detail. As to Lepidocalyx and 
Porpa, there is little to add. Each contains only а pair of species, separated 
by well-marked characters. 
The following subsections of Lasiothrie may be distinguished :—GRACILEs, 
DIGITATÆ, ACTINOCARPÆ, SONDERIAN®, PANICULATA. 
Subsect. GRACILES is based on a single species, Kirki, which combines 
slender procumbent stems, palmatifid leaves, few-flowered cymes, borne 
opposite an ordinary (7. e. not reduced) foliage-leaf, strongly cucullate sepals 
with very short horns, 12 stamens and a 3-celled ovary. 
Subsect. Diciraræ includes digitata, maerocoma, and trifida, rhizomatous 
undershrubs with digitate, 3—5-partite, or trilobed leaves, cymes arranged in 
a leafy panicle owing to the reduction of the leaves of the ultimate vegetative 
