COLLECTED ON MT. RUWENZORI. 233 
Abyssinia and Kilimanjaro—Ranunculus oreophztus, Cardamine obliqua and 
Subularia monticola s Hypericum keniense (also on Mt. Kenia) and Peuce- 
danum Kersteni (also on Kilimanjaro), 
12,000-15,000 feet. The tree-heaths cease about 12,500 ft., but the senecios 
continue much further, almost to 14,000 ft. А fourth species of Lobelia (L. 
Wollastoni, allied to L. Rhynchopetalum from the mountains of Abyssinia) 
appears at about 12,500 ft. and is found growing on the steepest slopes almost 
up to the snow-line. L. Deckenit, which grows only on the level terraces in 
very moist ground, does not occur above 13,000 feet. — Helichrysums, some- 
times forming bushes four or five feet high, grow most luxuriantly in 
this region, one species (H. Stuhlmann, var. latifolium var. nov.) being found 
nearly up to 15,000 ft. A small Arabis (А. alpina) was found at 14,000 ft., 
and a rush (Luzula Johnstoni), a grass (Poa glacialis) and mosses were found 
growing up to the level of permanent snow. 
To this zone belong the following plants :— Galium serrato-hamatum, sp. nov. 
(at 12,500 ft.), Helichrysum Stuhlmanni (at 13,000 ft.), Senecio gymnoides, sp. 
nov. (at 12,500 ft.), Rubus runssorensis and Sedum ruwenzoriense, sp. nov. (at 
12,500 ft.), the latter closely allied to S. Volkensit from Kilimanjaro. At 
12,500 ft. were found two Сурегасею, Carpha Emini (previously collected by 
Stuhlmann at 10,000 ft.) and Carer runssoroensis. At 14,000 ft. was found 
an interesting new alchemilla (A. subnzvalis). 
Appended are some notes by Mr. Woosnam on the arborescent senecios and 
lobelias, both of which are long-lived. 
“With regard to the length of life of the lobelias and senecios on 
Ruwenzori, it appeared to me that both must live to a great age. The senecios 
undoubtedly attain the greatest age, which I do not think would be too much 
to estimate at anything from 50 to 100 years or even more. The senecio 
appears at first as a small plant not unlike a cabbage, gradually the stem 
lengthens and gives out branches with the tuft of bright green leaves at the 
end ; as the plant grows the old leaves shrivel and droop, hanging down the 
stem one upon another till the upper parts of the branches near the green tuft 
are transformed into great swollen masses of dead leaves tightly packed 
together. This aceumulation of old leaves is the greatest proof of age, and 
also there are very few dead trees that have fallen lying among the others, 
and these had all been there for many years. How often the senecios flower 
I cannot say, but I do not think the act of flowering means death as it does 
with the lobelias, and I should say that the senecio flowers every few 
years. 
“The lobelias also live to a great age, but not so long as the senecios. In 
the case of the lobelias the period whieh occupies so long a time is before they 
come into blossom, which might be 15 or 20 years, and the proof of this is also 
the accumulation of leaves below the flower-spike, or in the case of L. Stuhl- 
manni the marks where the old leaves have fallen off. Once a lobelia has 
