228 SIR JOHN LUBBOCK ON 
Bud very small, fleshy, turned on one side of the small fleshy 
rootstock. It is generally almost covered by the moss or other 
vegetation amongst which the plaut is growing, so that it is 
practically subterranean and thereby sheltered. 
BIGNONIACES. 
Catalpa bignonioides, Walt.—The Catalpa is late in coming 
into leaf. The phyllotaxy of the leaves is (4), there being three 
leaves ina whorl. The portion of a shoot shows a whorl of three 
buds all at different levels on the axis, a circumstance brought 
about by the inequality of the growth of the axis. The leaves 
of the previous season were unequal at every node. The buds 
are also very unequal after growth has been resumed in spring 
for some time. In winter, however, they are minute. 
The scales of the winter-bud consist apparently of leaves. 
They are arranged in decussating whorls of three. The first 
and second whorl consist (May 13th) of minute, triangular, brown, 
coriaceous scales, which are sufficiently large to cover the bud 
in winter, and do not enlarge in spring. They overlap in winter, 
but soon separate in spring as the bud enlarges. 
The third whorl consists of broadly triangular cuspidate scales, 
slightly carinate towards the apex, which is the only portion 
exposed in winter, the rest being green and enlarging in spring. 
The scales of the fourth whorl are ovate, obtuse, obtusely carinate, 
green, glabrous, and greatly increase in size before the expansion 
of the bud. 
The scales of the fifth whorl are oblong-lanceolate, subacute, 
obtusely carinate, somewhat narrowed at the base, and thinly 
covered with a mealy, glandular pubescence. 
The sixth whorl consisted of ovate, obtuse, entire, petiolate, 
penninerved leaves as long as the bud, with ascending nerves, 
and thinly covered with mealy, glandular pubescence. The 
change from scales to leaves is very abrupt, the most marke 
features being the petioles, the strongly marked venation (0f 
which a trace could be detected in the fifth whorl of scales), and 
the membranous portion of the lamina being red. 
l The seventh whorl or second set of leaves, and every succeed- 
mg one up to the twelfth or more, were successively much smaller 
and colourless, but otherwise similar to the first set of leaves. 
Though the largest in bud the latter do not, as a rule, get Ye 
large compared with succeeding leaves. 
