244 SIR JOHN LUBBOCK ON BUDS AND STIPULES. 
members of the bud they enclose will show a reason for the 
second leaf being partly involute, so as to occupy the space. 
The terminal bud of adult trees, and generally one or two 
of the lateral ones close to it, consist of a few pairs of very 
small scales enclosing a male catkin, which bursts into growth 
weeks before the other buds. Below these the lateral buds are 
similar to that described, but they contain only two leaves as a 
rule, and a female catkin which terminates the axis of the bud. 
Lower down the same shoots we meet with leafy or wood-buds, 
in eontradistinetion to flower-buds. On other parts of the same 
tree, however, leafy buds may, and do, occur anywhere. 
` Fagus sylvatica, Linn.— The bud of the Beech (PI. 15; and figs. 
68-78) is elongated, spindle-shaped, 4—3 inch in length; on the 
outside are eight closely imbricating rows of stipules arranged 
apparently in opposite decussate pairs. I say apparently, because, 
as the leaves are alternate, it is possible that these stipules are 
really alternate, though so compressed as to appear to be 
opposite. 
The first pair (fig. 69) are small, triangular, and pointed. The 
five following are also triangular, each rather larger than the 
preceding and more convolute, till each almost encloses the whole 
upper part of the bud. The lower ones are brown and coriaceous ; 
the upper membranous, and furnished with numerous straight, 
longitudinal, parallel, slender veins from the base to the apex. 
The covered parts are white, the exposed brown. The upper ones 
are ciliated with long, recurved, silvery or satiny hairs. They 
are sometimes a brilliant pink or rose-colour, but less often than 
those of the Hornbeam. The fifth and sixth pairs (fig. 70) are 
ciliate with short hairs, avd rolled round a considerable part of 
the bud. 
The seventh pair are half as long as the bud, but otherwise like 
the sixth; the eighth pair two-thirds as long as the bud; the ninth 
nearly as Jong as the bud, with silky hairs directed downwards, 
and the outer one of the two distinctly overlaps the inner. The 
tenth pair are as long as the bud and each is convolute, 80 3 to 
cover nine-tenths of the bud or even more. The eleventh par" 
(fig. 71) are similar, and almost meet at their edges These 
eleven pairs of stipules show no traces of a leaf. 
Fig. 72 represents a bud after the removal of the first 
pairs of stipules. 
About the twelfth pair there is a material change ; they (fig. 79) 
eleven 
