OBSERVED AT MOGABOE. H 



perly unites into one species, H. rhagadioloides (L.), Schultr. ; 

 keeping II. arenaria distinct. Its characters, however, are by no 

 means satisfactory, and my Mogadorian specimens have not the 

 flower-stalks thickened upwards as they are described by Dc 

 Candolle. 



83. Tolpis barbata (L.), DC. vii. 86 ; Drepania barbata, Deaf. 

 ii. 232. — Flowers much larger and of a greener yellow than those 

 of T. crinita, Lowe. The two species grow plentifully up the river 

 intermixed, preserving always a perfectly distinct appearance. 



86. Sonchus tenerrimus, L., Desf.ii. 223 ; DC. vii. 186. — Suffruti- 

 cose, with very fragile long slender branches and delicate fast- wither- 

 ing foliage. Very abundant at the Emperor's garden. Habit rather 

 that of a shrubby Tolpis (Schmidtia) or Crepis than Sonchus. 



88. Anagallis arvensis, L., j3 ccerulea,W . B. ii. 172. — Herbaceous 

 annual. Fl. deep cobalt-blue. Exactly the common Madeiran 

 and Canarian plant. 



89. Anagallis collina, Schousb. DC. viii. 70. — Perennial suffru- 

 tescent. El. scarlet, rather large and handsome. 



91. Argania Sideroxylon, Boem. & Sch. DC. viii. 187 ; Elao- 

 dendron Argan, Betz, Willd., Schousb. ; Sideroxylon, L. ; Ilham- 

 nus, L. This, the characteristic plant of the district, is a low, 

 spreading Ehamnus-like tree, from 20 to 30 feet high, with stiff 

 stout spreading branches, and scanty or small foliage. Leaves 

 fascicled on short, often spinose, spurs. Fl. small, aggregate, on 

 the short side spurs of the branches, greenish-yellow. Er. a hard 

 smooth yellow-green oblong plum-like drupe, about an inch and a 

 quarter long, and half an inch in diam., round, pointed at top, with 

 scarcely any fleshy coat. The oil obtained by expression from the 

 roasted shining brown "stones" inside, or kernels, is universally 

 employed for various domestic purposes, particularly for burning 

 in lamps, and as a substitute for butter in confectionary, frying, 

 and other culinary arts or preparations. It is peculiarly limpid, 

 and of a pale-yellowish colour. The smell and taste resemble 

 that of burnt almonds ; and it has the excellent property, that no 

 offensive smell ensues on extinguishing a lamp which has been fed 

 with it. The flowers appear in spring, shortly after, or simul- . 

 taneously with, the ripening of the fruit. Branches were brought 

 to me in April full at once of flowers and fruit. 



For a full and interesting account of this plant, both in its 

 botanical and economical relations, illustrated with admirable 

 figures, see a valuable paper by Sir AV. J. Hooker in the ' Journal 

 of Botany,' vol. vi. p. 97, tabb. 3, 4. 



