200 MB. C. B. CLABKE ON INDIAN SPECIES OF CYPEEUS. 



165. C. umbellatus (Benth. Fl. HongTc. p. 386, non Boxh.) ; 

 viridis ; umbella simplice aut congesta ; spicis solitariis (rarissime 

 1-3 digitatis ebracteatis) elongato-cylindricis aut brevioribus aut 

 globosis, saepisshne multispiculosis ; spiculis 1-4-floris, nucem 

 unicain maturantibus. 



C. ovularis, Boeck. in Linncea, xxxvi. p. 337, var. a, non Torrey. 



Kyllinga umbellata, Linn.f. Suppl. p. 105; Rottb. Descr. etlc. p. 15, 

 t. 4. fig. 2 ; Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. p. 182. 



Mariscus umbellatus, Vahl, Enum. ii. p. 376 ; Kunth, Enum. ii. p. 118. 



M. polyphyllus, Steud. ! in Flora, 1842, p. 596, in Schimper n. 1124. 



Species polymorpha vel composita, per regiones calidiores Orbis 

 Veteris late vulgata. 



a. typica (Eottb. Descr. et Ic. t. 4. fig. 2). Culmi eaespitosi, 

 2—4 dm. longi, sursum trigoni. Radix perennis, valida fibrosa 

 nigrescens, haud raro breviter rhizomatosa, lignescens, interdum 

 (Heyne in Wallich b. n. 3433) longe repens, tenuis, liguosa, 

 stolonibus longis nigris tenuibus squauiosis additis. Folia plura 

 longa, plana, in marginibus scabra, culmum saepe superantia. 

 Tnvolucri bracteae 3-12, umbellam longe superantia. Umbellae 

 radii 5-14, usque ad 5 cm. longi. Spicae longae 10-15 mm., latae 

 7-8 mm., cylindricse, densissimse, 40-60-spiculosae. Spicules 

 longae 4 mm., latae 1 mm., oblique lanceolatae, 4-glumae ; glumae 2 

 imae parvae, vacuae ; tertia bermapbrodita, quarta vacua (vel 

 rarius mascula) tertiam non (aut vix) superans. Gluma fertilis 

 ovata, subobtusa, 3-nervia, multistriata, viridis, fusco-spadiceo- 

 maculata. Stamina 3; filamenta angusta,levia; antherae lineari- 

 oblongae, mutieae vix apicataa. Stylus nuce multo brevior ; rami 3, 

 e gluma breviter (ccnspicue) exserti. JS T ux cum |-| parte glumae 

 aequilonga, late oblonga vel subellipsoidea, utrinque brevissime 

 angustata, trigona ; cellulae extimae quadratae, persistentes. 



Per Indiam orientalem vulgaris: Dehra Doon (Gr. King, h. 

 Calcutta); Madras (WallicTi n. 3434, h. Calcutta); &c. 



In tbese typical forms tbe 3rd glume is ovate bermapbrodite, 

 the 4th ligulate barren shorter than the 3rd, cutting away the 

 distinction given by Bentham to separate Kyllinga from Cyperus 

 (sect. Mariscus). But from this typical form there are grada- 

 tions (by me indefinable) which carry us into the forms cylindro- 

 etachys, cyperina ; in short, into all the other varieties. 



We have, first, examples in which the upper (4th) glume is a 

 little longer than the 3rd, then usually male ; after these come 

 examples with tbe 4th glume § the length of the 3rd, often her- 

 maphrodite (rarely perfecting a nut), and a fifth glume is present. 



