FLOBA OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 297 



traha and Luzon, the second species being endemic in Japan. 

 There is also a connection with some of the small Pacific islands. 

 Carruthersia, in Apocjnaceae, has two species, one endemic in 

 Fiji, the other in Oebu ; while Polypodium simplici folium, Hook., 

 and Asplenium Brachenridgei, Baker, are only known from the 

 Philippines and Fiji. Garuga mollis, Turcz., is only known 

 from the Philippines and Samoa ; while Davallia repens, Desv., 

 occurs only in the Philippines, Samoa, and Fiji. Melia Candollei, 

 A. Juss., and Vitex littoralis, Decne., are only known from the 

 Philippines and Timor ; Asplenium persicifolium, J. Sm., from 

 the Philippines and Sandwich Islands ; while the Urticaceous 

 genus Paratropliis has four species, one endemic in New Zealand, 

 another in Tahiti, a third in Fiji, and a fourth (P. philippinensis, 

 F. Villar) in Luzon. 



A connection with New Guinea has already been detected, 

 though so little is yet known of this large islaud. Schizocasia, 

 in Aroideae, has two species, one confined to the Philippines, the 

 other to New Guinea ; while Odina speciosa, Blume, Epithema 

 Benthami, Clarke, and Asplenium scandens, J. Sin., are peculiar to 

 New Guinea and the Philippines. Species which are at present 

 only known from the Philippines and Australia may be expected 

 to occur in this intermediate area. 



The northern element now remains to be noticed, and although 

 not extensive, it will be seen to be of a very marked character. 

 Isanthera discolor, Maxim., is peculiar to Formo.-a and Luzon ; 

 Croton Cumingii, Muell. Arg., is peculiar to Luzon, Formosa, and 

 the Loo Choo Islands ; Vernonia philippinensis is an endemic 

 species closely allied to V. Cumingiana, Benth., a peculiar Hong- 

 Kong species ; Ligustrum Cumingianum, Decne., also endemic, is 

 closely allied to a group of Chinese species ; Scutellaria luzonica 

 is an endemic species whose nearest ally seems to be S. indica, 

 L., a species reaching from the Himalayas to Japan ; Ophiopogon 

 spicatus, Ker, reported as indigenous, but of which I have not 

 seen a specimen, is a native of the same region. There are also 

 three endemic species of Carex (C. fibrata, Boott, C. Cumingii, 

 Boott, and C. Cumingiana, Steud.), a typical northern genus. The 

 same may be said of the genus Pinus, represented here by P. 

 insularis, Eudl.,and P. Merkusii, Jungh.— the former endemic in 

 the province of Nueva Ecija, in north-eastern Luzon ; the latter 

 believed to be limited in Luzon to the province of Zamhales 



