MB. E. M. HOLMES ON CINCHONA LEDGER! AN A. 375 



These illustrations represented respectively the male, female, 

 and neutral forms of the plant. Notwithstanding the publica- 

 tion of these excellent coloured plates, there seems to have been 

 ever since a considerable doubt among planters as to the cha- 

 racters by which the Cinchona Calisaya var. Ledgeriana might 

 be recognized. 



In consequence of this difficulty, Dr. Trimen published in the 

 ' Journal of Botany ' for Nov. 1881 figures and a description of 

 what he considered to be the typical plant, and erected it into 

 a species under the name of Cinchona Ledgeriana, Moens. 



To this description Mr. Howard objected that the plant 

 figured did not correspond with what he considered to be the 

 typical Ledgeriana plant, as described by himself, and expressed 

 the opinion, judging from the illustration alone, that Dr. Trimen's 

 plant might be C. micrantha var. calisayoides. He also came 

 to the conclusion, without seeing specimens of the tree, that the 

 Ledgeriana described by Mr. T. N. Christie, of Ceylon, was 

 probably C. Calisaya var. microcarpa of "Weddell ; but that those 

 grown on the Yarrow Estate in Ceylon, by Mr. Laurie, were the 

 true plant as described by himself under the name of G. Calisaya 

 var. Ledgeriana, Howard. 



Dr. Trimen, however, states positively that the three plants 

 alluded to were all raised from the same small quantity of seed 

 in the same nursery beds, and at the same time, and that they 

 are all positively identical. 



For my own part, I should have been content to have accepted 

 the statement of either authority as final ; but having received 

 for the Museum of the Pharmaceutical Society three specimens 

 of Cinchona-bark labelled " Ledgeria7ia," one of which was sent 

 from Darjeeling by Dr. King, another from Ceylon by Mr. T. N. 

 Christie, through the Planters' Association there, and a third from 

 Java presented by Mr. Howard himself ; and finding that all three 

 differed in their external characteristics, only the Darjeeling one 

 presenting the typical characteristics of Calisaya bark, I could 

 come to no other conclusion than that several different varieties 

 or forms, one or more of which are probably hybrids, are now 

 grown in plantations under the name of Cinchona Ledgeriana. 



Dr. Trimen, I believe, holds that the bark of Cinchona- 

 trees does not present sufficient character for determination of 

 species or affinity. My experience, however, on this point 

 accords better with that of Mr. Howard, viz. that each species 



