MB. E. M. HOLMES ON CINCHONA LEDGEBTANA. 377 



exactly the same form or variety *. The instructions given by- 

 Mr. Ledger to the Indian, on his return with the seeds, viz. to 

 obtain more seeds of the roja, morada, and naranjada varieties of 

 the Calisaya, indicate that these were the forms that he would 

 have endeavoured to collect. Indeed Mr. Van Gtorkom states 

 that the Indian assured Mr. Ledger that the greater part of the 

 seed came from " Eoja " trees. Consequently, when these seeds 

 became distributed, the seedlings should have possessed the cha- 

 racters of this and of other varieties of the Calisaya stock. 



The further history of these seeds indicates that such was the 

 case. Thus, Dr. Trimen remarks (Journ. Bot. Nov. 1881), " In 

 India the young plants were not distinguished from other yellow 

 bark trees " (p. 322). Again, " The progeny of the original seeds 

 shows a good deal of variation." " The upper surface usually 

 has a velvety sheen or reflect " (p. 324). Again, Mr. Howard 

 describes the first plants he received from Mr. Moens as a variety 

 of C. Calisaya, referring them at first to the var. microcarpa. 

 He afterwards (Quin. E. I. Plant, p. 85), however, considered 

 that they possessed sufficient differences in the small size of the 

 flowers and fruits to be made a distinct variety, in which he was 

 supported by the celebrated botanist Dr. "Weddell, who, it must 

 be remembered, had himself collected Cinchona Calisaya in its 

 native haunts. Mr. Howard moreover remarks that the micro- 

 scopical structure of the bark presents very distinctly the Cali- 

 saya type. He had noticed, indeed, among specimens sent from 

 Java, subvarieties differing somewhat in the shape and tint of 

 the flowers and leaves, but presenting no features to separate 

 them as other than varieties of the Calisaya type. He remarked, 

 however, that the bark is proportionately thicker in some of 

 Ledger's plants than in other varieties of Calisaya. 



Dr. Kuntze (Journ. Bot. 1883, p. 6) speaks of the Ledgerianaol 

 Mungpo as a large shrub with divaricately-panicled inflorescence 

 with slender ramification, like that of C. micrantha, whereas the 

 descendants of Bolivian Ledgeriana in Java and Southern India 

 are trees. 



Mr. Van Gorkom (p. 92) remarks that the Ledger seeds sown 

 in Java developed into handsome young trees without any sign, 

 at least on a hasty glance, of showing themselves distinct from 



* Dr. Trimen remarks that there were some very bad trees of quite another 

 type among those from the original sowing (Pharm. Journ. Jan. 19, 1884, p. 578, 

 ftnote). 



